| In the transformation of economic development in the past decades, China has made proud achievements in economic growth, but in terms of income distribution are facing a lot of problems and challenges.China’s income distribution gap appeared continued to expand long-term trend, but also intensified the problem of unfair distribution of income, which aroused more dissatisfaction and concern. Income inequality involves many aspects, but the starting point of this study is income polarization and the urban labor market segmentation generated revenue generated polarization is one of many reasons for income inequality, the growing income polarization will deepen the confrontation contradictions between classes. The main object of this urban residents in the urban labor market, due to political and economic factors in the institutional constraints substandard or endogenous economic factors, so that urban labor markets dual division status of different categories, such as urban and rural, regional, ownership etc. these different labor market segmentation between barriers impede the flow of labor between different income levels so that individuals lack of liquidity (reduction of the income gap within the group), and because the average wage gap widening between the ends of the barriers (group increasing income disparity), leading to the degree of income polarization deepened. Study on the urban labor market and the degree of polarization of income, can help us better understand the income gap between urban residents.Since the polarization of income caused by the reasons for their lack of liquidity and income related, so this paper discusses the income mobility and income polarization index measurement methods, the study found that the existing methods lack the combination of both, so this paper attempts to measure income mobility and polarization index measurement method combining the basis of previous studies, we propose a mobility based on income above polarization index measurement method, which will be broken down into two polarization index P parts, one on behalf of the structural liquidity (the wage gap between the two groups due to changes in the group and the overall Gini coefficient) caused by the change of polarization index, referred to as structured mobility polarization index PS, on behalf of the other part of the exchange changes in flow (professional nature of the individual, social class or status changes) caused by polarization index, collectively exchange liquidity polarization index PE. Based on this method, the use of Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey (CHNS) 2004,2006,2009 and 2011 for four years tracking survey microdata to analyze the urban labor market segmentation, the degree of polarization of income in different areas of the labor market. Where the labor market research in the field of education, gender, ownership, occupation and nature of employment in the form of five categories. Results of the study showed that the degree of polarization of income in the field of gender in the labor market in decline, the phenomenon of unequal wages between men and women has improved; mainly in the form of education and employment of the labor markets to generate income polarization is structured liquidity, ie the income gap between the two barriers to contribution income is greater than the degree of polarization of income mobility between individuals; the main reason and professional nature of the labor market and corporate ownership of income-producing areas of the polarization exchange liquidity, that is, two barriers the income gap between the revenue contribution of the degree of polarization is less than the income mobility of individuals.Have seen this phenomenon, in order to better adjust the income gap between the urban labor market, should (1) adjusting the income inequality in the country, it should improve the low educated workers and no employment contracts wage workers overall. While focusing on the low-educated labor re-education, as well as regulate the labor market employment system specifications; (2) breaking down the barriers between the professional nature of ownership and to accelerate the reform of state-owned enterprises, reform of the employment system career preparation, increased competition and incentive mechanism, while let technology workers could go to manager positions, an increase of individual mobility of labor market barriers between, so that it can effectively alleviate income polarization. |
