Research On The Wealth Equity Effect Of The Real Estate Tax And The Design Of The Tax System

Disparity between the rich and the poor has become a prominent problem in the face of China’s economic and social development, the income Gini coefficient of China in the past ten years has been higher than 0.4 international warning line, and formed by the accumulated stock of wealth in the distribution inequality degree is more serious. The polarization between the rich and the poor is easy to cause social contradictions,undermine social unity and stability, if not for a long time to pay attention to and properly solve, will lead to more serious social problems. In recent years, the central government has introduced a series of initiatives working to narrow the gap between the rich and the poor.In the tax, to regulate the income distribution of personal income tax reform has been carried out in full swing, and is not yet comprehensive collecting the housing property tax as an important tax in the tax system, was given the fair allocation of functions,becoming the focus of the theoretical research. The Eighth Plenary Session Three has proposed "to speed up the real estate tax legislation and in a timely manner to promote reform”.March 2015 the formal implementation of the"real estate Interim Regulations", this year have been gradually implemented all over the country.The National People’s Congress in this year also said real estate tax has been included in the first kind of legislation,which means that property tax reform has entered a substantive stage.This paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the introduction. It mainly introduces the research background and significance, the research content, research ideas and research methods is proposed on the basis of domestic and foreign literature review;the second part is theoretical analysis.It theoretical analyse the influencing factors and the mechanism of real estate tax to make the distribution of wealth fair. The third part is the empirical analysis part.This part uses the CHFS(China Household Finance Survey)Chinese family financial survey data, and the family wealth size and composition of the sample family were statistically analyzed. Statistical results show that real estate is still the most important form of wealth in China, and a positive correlation between the totalvalue of the property and the wealth of the residents, real estate to a certain extent, the expansion of the wealth distribution gap.Subsequently, this paper based on Chongqing,Shanghai two city property tax pilot program and the universal experience design a dozen of house property tax scheme, and calculates the tax changes before and after the household wealth Gini coefficient, certification of real estate tax in the practical application of fair wealth effect, finally draw the conclusion that the property tax can promote the equitable distribution of wealth, but it is limited;The fourth part is the international experience for reference, This part introduces the foreign real estate tax system and tax collection and management experience,and provides a reference for the construction of China’s real estate tax system; the fifth part proposed China’s real estate tax program to promote fair functions, which from the tax structure, tax system elements,supporting measures, such as put forward specific policy recommendations.