A Study On History Of Marx’s Thought Of Monetary Philosophy

Marx’s monetary theory, which is an important part of his political economic system, is formed during his criticizing bourgeois political economy and revealing the nature and truth of bourgeois production relations. His understanding of currency went through three stages.Firstly, during the period from the Jewish Problem to Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts in 1844, the currency was regarded as the representation of people’s alienated relationship by Marx on the position of humanism. He thought that the currency, which is the medium of people’s exchange relationship in the first place, gradually turns to become the purpose of the relationship. It is the currency that causes the alienation of people’s exchange relationship, urges people to pursue innumerable money and become the slave of the money, and leads to the confusion of all the natural quality and people’s characters.Secondly, during the period from the Outline of Feuerbach to the Poverty of Philosophy, historical materialism is established and developed. Starting from the specific, historical and realistic society, Marx brings the dimension of social relations into his theories, and realizes that the currency can only turn to the medium of experienced exchange relations in the society with private ownership.Finally, during the period from the London Notes to Capital, after comprehensively studying the traditional political economy, especially the theories about the London Notes, Marx starts to rethink and criticize David Ricardo’s quantity theory of money and labor theory of value, which he has always been dependent on. Marx establishes his conception of history and his political economic method which is described as ’from the abstract to the concrete’ in Economics Manuscripts from 1857 to 1858. In the Currency Chapter, Marx criticizes Detriment’s opinions about publishing and using the money that represents certain working hours, and comes up with the opinion that just founding a new currency system makes no difference to the current relations of production, or to the maladies of the capitalist society. Marx makes a preliminary discussion on the inner connection of the goods and the currency, as well as that of the value, the exchange value and the price. He solves the problem of the currency’s origin by analyzing the inner contradictions of the goods for the first time, states the functions of the currency specifically, and makes a preliminary explanation on his thoughts about the fetish of money. Therefore, the truth and essence of the currency, as well as the secrets that are hidden behind the currency can be discovered only when the essence of the capital, as well as the inner contradictions and relationships of the capital productions, is clearly analyzed, the currency and its complete form, the capital, contribute to the perversion of people’s relationships.