Problems And Countermeasures:the Study Of Policies Tools To Promote Low-carbon Economic Development

Environment provides necessary resources and conditions for the survival and development, which is the premise of our survival and development. Since human enters the industrial society, countries have made great achievements in economic development and have improved the survival and development of mankind, but the influence of increasing industrial development on the natural environment is becoming more and more serious. Recent years, a variety of environmental events frequency happened, and mankind is facing with an unprecedented environmental crisis. A lot of carbon dioxide emissions have serious impacted on the global climate and environment. The eighteen major report pointed out ecological civilization is an important part of social development, thus we should adhere to the road of the scientific concept of development to improve the quality of people’s lives. Environment as public goods, decided to rely solely on the market period is difficult to achieve the goal of effective protection. Therefore, it is necessary that the government uses various policy tools to portfolio to give full play to the combination of efficiency and to promote the development of low-carbon economy.This paper uses the basic theory of political science, administrative science, and economics to explain related theories of the government to promote the development of low-carbon economy and theory discusses Government policy tools to promote the need for the development of low-carbon economy, and through the analysis of existing policy tools the lack of analysis of the impact of factors affecting the low-carbon policy-making and policy implementation effect. Finally, this paper exploratory proposed the tool combination system to establish policies to promote the development of China’s low-carbon economy.Paper is divided into five parts:The first part elaborates the reason and significance of the topic, and gives a summary of a review of related research. Then it descripts the innovation and deficiencies of this research ideas and research methods.The second part elaborates the basic concepts and theories of interpretation. This section first comb the concept of low-carbon economy, interpret of the concept of policy tools. Based on this research, policy tools are divided into the three categories of the command-control tools, the economic incentive tools and voluntary tools, and discuss the characteristics and limitations of these three types of tools. Secondly, this part introduces the market failure theory, government environmental liability theory, modern regulation theory and the path dependency theory, combined with its theoretical content to explain the government necessity and advantages involved in the construction of a low-carbon economy.The third part introduces the characteristics and problems of our policy tools to promote the development of low-carbon economy. This section first summarized the recent years to promote the development of low-carbon economy in China utilization of policy tools. From it we can see that the command-controlling is our main policy. Policy tool utilization mainly fiscal and tax policy is not flexible enough, the responsibility system is not perfect, and the effectiveness of the combination of policies did not show the full problem.The fourth part introduces and analyzes foreign policy tool to promote the development of low-carbon economy. Firstly, this paper introduces abroad in promoting the development of low-carbon economy in government environmental policy instruments experienced overwhelmingly dominant stage coercive means, pay attention to the phase of the market mechanism, introduced advocate a participatory stage three phases. And then this paper summary the practice of the United Kingdom Germany, Japan and other developed countries in the use of policy instruments to promote low-carbon economic development. From it, we should pay attention to the use of market-oriented tools, focus on the role of intermediate strength and give full play to the main role of the company.The fifth part has put forward the idea of a system of policy tools to promote the development of low-carbon economy. This section advocates that we should establish a mandatory tool for support as the main incentive tools; voluntary tools to guide policy system, at the same time improve the supporting system to form a perfect combination of system to give full play their combined effects.