| Grain is the people’s basic necessities of life and important capital goods in the industrial and agricultural production. From 2004 to 2013 China’s total grain output increased for ten consecutive years, thus grain production’s effect on grain security is relatively stable, so the grain security is more influenced by the grain circulation. In the grain circulation industry, grain and oil industry, which links up grain production and consumption, produces a "hourglass" structure which is small in the middle with many grain producers and consumers, restricting the transfer of grain from the producer to the consumer, and will have influences on China’s grain security.In the process of the reform of China’s grain and oil industry, on the one hand, policy barriers to entry of grain and oil industry declined gradually, the private grain and oil enterprises sped up the entry to the industry; on the other hand, the state-owned grain and oil enterprises have been pushed into the market gradually, to burden their own business profits and losses. In addition, In the background of the layout of globalization and international industry transfer, due to the accelerating pace of international industry transfer, the lag of China’s domestic grain industry development and opening to the outside world, foreign capital is coming into China’s grain and oil industry with hitherto unknown speed and scale. This paper, based on this, analyses the impacts of market reform and opening up on market structure, the behavior of enterprises and industry development performance of China’s grain and oil industry. Secondly, this paper selects barriers to entry, the entry of foreign capital, enterprise scale, the degree of market concentration, market structure and the rate of fixed assets investment, the construction of high quality grain source bases, R&D innovation investment, market competition to analyze the market structure and enterprise’s behavior of China’s grain industry from 2008 to 2012, and finds that the market concentration of grain and oil industry is low, and the market competition is fierce. The investment and innovation input of grain and oil enterprises are inadequate. The reform and opening up has accelerated the entry to China’s grain and oil industry of private and foreign enterprises. A large number of new enterprises makes the competition of grain and oil industry fierce. Fierce competition of China’s grain and oil industry has a positive impact on the market structure. And the market competition has different effects on grain and oil enterprises which have different ownership and different sizes. Thirdly, this paper chooses the profit rate, economy of scale, the capacity utilization rate, R&D innovation ability and total factor productivity index to analyze industry development performance of China’s grain and oil industry, and discusses the relationship between market structure and industry development performance of grain and oil industry through the partial correlation coefficient method. The industry development performance China’s grain and oil industry is gradually improving, but the overall level is low from 2008 to 2012. Partial correlation analysis of grain and oil industry’s market structure and industry development performance displays that from 2008 to 2012 the relationships between grain and oil industry’s market structure and industry development performance are positive, thus the improving market structure improves the industry development performance.Finally, according to the review of China’s grain and oil industry’s reform and opening up, combined with the empirical analysis of grain and oil industry’s market structure, enterprise’s behavior and industry development performance, this paper puts forward policy recommendations as to keep a rational view of the entry of foreign capital, to promote the integration of China’s grain and oil industry and increase support for the private grain and oil enterprises, to implement the strategy of extending the whole industry actively. |
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