An Overall Assessment Of New-type Urbanization In Less-developed Counties

The standard of urbanization in our country, rising to 53.7% in 2003, rapidly climbed within thirtyyears under the "Reform and Opening Up Policy". Nevertheless, it has frequently brought about social problems, especially like economic developments and the people’s wellbeing in less-developed areas, due to a neglect of the developing quality while we one-sidedly pursue the quantity. As to the mentioned problems, the Eighteenth National Congress of the CPC definitely called for comprehensively promoting new urbanization, which focuses on putting people first. The points of improving the quality of new urbanization hereby lie in three:via optimization of structure-upgrade, adjustment of dimensional structure and production efficiency and sustainable development of urbanization; by improving the justice of urbanization through equalization of public service and infrastructure, and reform of two-dimensional (urban and rural) system; to advance living quality in cities and towns through improvement of citizen’s living condition, creation of livable environment and promotion of ecological construction, etc. The new urbanization is transited from land-focused urbanization to one that emphasizes overall (both urban and rural), sustainable and high-quality development.By a research to Anyue county, a less-developed county in west china, in a perspective of motive power mechanism, it is found that the economic gross act as the testing standard of governmental achievement therein. Instead of cultivation of inner-power and equality in process of urbanization, local government, one-sidedly, always enhance economic gross by alluring investment, in ways like land-selling and acquisition of revenue allowance granted by central government. Thereby, the essence of urbanization in less-developed areas shines as a parasitical mode, which severely depends on outer resource, such as lands expansion, central government revenue’s transfer and the return of migrant labor force’s income. However, the above-mentioned mode will result in serious problems:First, sickness like "macrosomia" ——the low-efficient utilization of lands and waste of resource——characteristically appears evident, leading to unsustainable development in urban and town. Secondly, the obstacle of "urban and rural" two-dimensional system in less-developed areas conspicuously induces semi-urbanization, and also severe social problems, such as land abandonment in rural and aging. Thirdly, because of scarce inner-power cultivation in urbanization, lack of impetus in economic development, and serious population loss due to weak growth of industry, these points bring with more enormous obstruction in rural economic development and the progress of urbanization. As a result, the urbanization, chronically, will thereafter trap in a vicious circle.By a research to Anyue county, a less-developed county in west china, in a perspective of motive power mechanism, it is found that the economic gross act as the testing standard of governmental achievement therein. Instead of cultivation of inner-power and equality in process of urbanization, local government, one-sidedly, always enhance economic gross by alluring investment, in ways like land-selling and acquisition of revenue allowance granted by central government. Thereby, the essence of urbanization in less-developed areas shines as a parasitical mode, which severely depends on outer resource, such as lands expansion, central government revenue’s transfer and the return of migrant labor force’s income. However, the above-mentioned mode will result in serious problems:First, sickness like "macrosomia" —he low-efficient utilization of lands and waste of resource— characteristically appears evident, leading to unsustainable development in urban and town. Secondly, the obstacle of "urban and rural" two-dimensional system in less-developed areas conspicuously induces semi-urbanization, and also severe social problems, such as land abandonment in rural and aging. Thirdly, because of scarce inner-power cultivation in urbanization, lack of impetus in economic development, and serious population loss due to weak growth of industry, these points bring with more enormous obstruction in rural economic development and the progress of urbanization. As a result, the urbanization, chronically, will thereafter trap in a vicious circle.