| The Five Dynasties is a typical historical period of large separatism and great melee in the feudal society of our country. The situation of more than one regimes coexisting in the Five Dynasties develops from the late Tang Dynasty a plurality of warlord regime military governorship, which is the continuation and development of the late Tang Dynasty era. The social situation of the multi separatist opposing regime and mutual melee led to the social economic changes on the system and structure. Study on the typical period of separatist tangled warfare and the social economic relations can help us to grasp the universal law of the impact of separatist war on society and economy of ancient China.The social situation of separatist tangled warfare in the Five Dynasties has a deep influence on social economy. In agriculture, various groups of warlords despoiled people everywhere, and a large number of labors were forced to join the army. The war killed a huge number of working population directly. War and heavy tax also caused them escaping or migrating. Besides, the separatist warlords and Khitan regime plundered the working population, five or six in ten of the people as prisoners. The population consumption caused serious labor shortage of agricultural production, thus a large number of farmland uncultivated. Years of wars led to the damage and abandonment of water conservancy. Although disasters frequently occurred, the separatist regime was busy with war and had no time to handle. The scarcity of labor and barren land seriously in ancient China based on the small-scale peasant economy of agricultural economy is the fatal damage.The separatist tangled warfare not only caused direct damage to business and trade, but also caused the regime’s rival, the warlord continuously; domestic commercial economy and trade can’t form a unified commercial market. The opposing separatist regime caused the monetary economic disorder and transport disruption. Besides, the regime set up checkpoints, and various business taxes, and the scale of the commercial trade is limited, and commodity economy was broken. Military as the center of economic consumption contributes to the formation of the Five Dynasties period of military finances. What’s more, military governors also tend to contribute military because of tax untidy mess and lord onerous, leading to national fiscal mess and declination of national strength. In addition to the Khitan invasion and plunder of the south, social and economic development has stalled throughout the Five Dynasties period.The separatist tangled warfare caused the changes of social economic structure. The northern economy has been severely damaged, while the social environment in the south is relatively stable. Since a large number of northern population migrated to the south, the south has been sustained social and economic development. China’s economic center farther south. Affected by wars, foreign trade patterns have also changed, that is, the traditional land Silk Road is blocked, and the ministry of foreign trade from the inland to southeast coast. As a result, the maritime silk route became the mainstream of the foreign trade during this period. |
