Research On The Benefit Evaluation Index System Of Science Park

Science Park is very important for the development of national leading high-tech industries. Learning from the advanced experience worldwide, science park vigorously develops high and new technology, accelerates the implementation of its commercialization and industrialization, promotes the development of high-tech industry, and leads to successfully adjustment of economic structure.Relying on intelligence elements greatly, most of science parks are located in the area that is full of universities and research institutions. All in all, there are three kinds of development type of science park, which are known as government-oriented, university-oriented and enterprise-oriented. Generally speaking, the main body of Science Park are those high-tech enterprises with a certain scale.Science Park develops so quickly that you can see it everywhere, while it still rapidly increases. However, there are also some problems that have not been solved.On the one hand, there is no clear explanation of the industrial property and the role of development drivers of Science Park. As a result, most of the studies focus on output of the enterprises in Science Park. On the other hand, there is no effective evaluation system for Science Park. The existing research literatures concentrate much on management and technological innovation, ignoring the economic attributes of Science Park. From the economic point of view, there are five elements that should be taken into consideration during the establishment and development of science parks. First, the establishment of Science Park should follow comparative advantage in the region. Second, the establishment of science parks can achieve industrial agglomeration. Third, there should be a perfect market mechanism. Fourth,it is important to coordinate the relationship of competition, cooperation and innovation between Science Park and enterprises. Fifth, the establishment and development of Science Park should bring effective economic and social benefits.In this paper, we study deeply from both the macroscopic and microscopic aspects. At the macro level, we carefully study the content of industry attributes,driving factors and developmental functions. And we establish the benefit evaluation index system. At the micro level, the Zhongguancun Science Park has carried on the empirical analysis by using the evaluation index system. We use the basic principle of industry economics and new classical economics, as well as related theory of new structural economics to study whether the establishment of Science Park has followed comparative advantage. We use related principles of industrial concentration to study whether industrial policy has brought the industrial agglomeration effect. We use the related principle of institutional economics to study whether the internal operation of Science Park has followed the principle of market mechanism. We use the related principle of industrial innovation to study whether enterprises in Science Park can coordinate the relationship between corporation and competition, and promote the industry development. And we use related theory of brand and city location to study whether the establishment of Science Park has brought urban economic and social benefits.It is found that the science park has the independent industrial attributes, and the industry should belong to the real estate service industry. In the industry choice,the developed regions which represented by Beijing are in accordance with the principle of comparative advantage, but there are still many facts that blindly pursue the development of high-tech industry not according to the actual situation. In the industrial agglomeration, science and technology park can better complete the introduction of enterprises and the construction of industrial chain. In the construction of the market and the management system, all around the active exploration of the effective property rights and market management mechanism, to protect the scientific and technological park is effective and stable long-term operation. In innovation, the close cooperation between enterprises and scientific research institutions can effectively promote the development of innovation mechanism. In the aspect of economic and social benefits, science and technology park has brought huge brand effect and social benefit to the city. Based on the above five indicators, we establish the science and Technology Park benefit evaluation index system, which includes evaluation of the science and Technology Park from the establishment, industry agglomeration, market operation mechanism, science and technology innovation to its economic and social benefits. More important, it effectively realizes the comprehensive evaluation of science and technology Park,which offers theoretical guidance for the establishment and development of the science and technology park.The innovative research results of paper include three aspects. First of all, it proves that Science Park belongs to a independent industry, and explains that the driving factors and the developmental functions of Science Park. Next, it establishes the benefit evaluation index system of Science Park on the basis of DEA analysis method, and provides a way to solve the comprehensive evaluation problem of Science Park. Last but not least, the Zhongguancun Science Park in Beijing has carried on the empirical analysis by using the evaluation index system.