The Effects Of Housing System Reform In China

Make all people enjoy their rights to housing is the target of the Party and the government in the work of people’s livelihood, but the current housing situation of people is still severe. During China’s housing system reform, the “housing system combining market allocation and government security” is gradually formed. As a kind of behavior standard, housing system has a far-reaching influence on housing livelihood of the people. So, what are the effects of China’s housing system assurance and improvement of people’s livelihood? What factors in the housing system influence the housing livelihood of the people? How to better play its functions of ensuring and improving the housing livelihood of the people? The accurate grasp of the above problem is the key to the dilemma in current housing livelihood of the people and also the central question of this study.On the basis of sample survey and statistical analysis of 330 city residents in Changsha, Chenzhou and Shaoyang cities in Hunan Province, this study obtained results as follows:(1) in the housing condition of the people, 40% of city residents need to obtain appropriate housing through the market or government allowance; more than 70% of renters need to obtain the rental housing from the market, but the civil servants and workers in state-owned enterprises/institutions tend to rent houses from public housing resources; the housing area of city residents is relatively small now, more than 35% of city residents live in apartments with incomplete internal supporting facilities, and nearly 40% of city residents complain that the external supporting facilities of their apartments are “not very convenient” or “very inconvenient”; over 40% of city residents have a relatively low satisfaction to their housing situation, but the workers in state-owned enterprise/institutions are relatively more satisfied with their housing; the subjective satisfaction situations of city residents to all current housing conditions are not optimistic, and the dissatisfaction degree to the “housing area” is the highest.(2) In terms of effect of the housing system, the effect of real estate regulation policy is average, in the medium level; the effect of housing security system is also average, in the medium level.(3) In terms of the influence of real estate regulation policies on housing livelihood of the people, better consistency in the whole process of real estate regulation policy will bring in higher satisfaction of city residents; the higher participation of city residents in the formulation of real estate regulation policy will bring in higher satisfaction; more fair real estate regulation policy of the government will bring in higher satisfaction; higher dependence of the local government on real estate enterprises and on the land revenue of the real estate industry development will bring in higher possibility in interest alliance with the real estate enterprises and lower satisfaction of the city residents.(4) In terms of the influence of the housing security system on housing satisfaction, the higher degree of consistency between different housing security systems can bring in higher satisfaction of city residents; the higher participation of city residents in the formulation of housing security system will bring in high satisfaction; more fair housing security system of the government will bring in higher satisfaction; higher dependence of the local government on real estate enterprises which can create fiscal revenue will bring in lower satisfaction of the city residents.Based on the above findings, this study puts forward policy suggestions on three aspects: firstly, perfect the top-level design of the system of housing in China through promoting the housing system to the strategic level of national economic and social development, improving the housing system combining market allocation and government security, and strengthening the construction of relevant laws and regulations about housing system; secondly, perfect the housing security system through improving the affordable housing system with public rental housing and economically affordable housing as the main body and reforming the system of housing accumulation fund; thirdly, perfect the housing security system mechanism through improving the application, assess and exit mechanisms of affordable housing, and establishing the public participation mechanism, the third party inspection mechanism and result evaluation mechanism for housing security system.