The Research On Marx Engles Cooperative Economy Thought

Cooperative economic thought originated in early utopian socialism.In1844, ROM.Virtual dyer consumer cooperatives became the origin and foundations of moderncooperatives and had a great impact on other cooperative organizations around the world.There are three parts in Marx and Engels economic cooperation thinking.The first part iscriticizing rational reformism, opportunism and anarchism on economic cooperation. Thesecond part is guiding co-workers in factories to the formation of the cooperativemovement. The third parts is guiding farmers in France, Germany and other WesternEuropean countries to the formation of farmers’ cooperative and take the socialist road. Thetheoretical basis of Marx and Engels cooperative economic thought is Marxist philosophy,political economy and scientific socialism. There is no monograph on cooperationeconomic ideas in their works, but they left behind a series of works profoundly discussingthe significance of cooperatives in the course of human history and the ultimate realizationof the proletariat against the bourgeoisie, communism in practice, the historical position,and its law of motion, forming a rigorous and scientific theoretical system.Currently there are a number of cooperative economic organizations, such as thejoint-stock cooperative organizations and cooperative organizations in the fields of landcontract rights transfer. The report of eighteenth congress of the communist party of Chinapointed out that,“we should strengthen the collective economic strength, develop farmers’professional cooperation and joint stock cooperation, cultivate the new operators, exploitvarious forms of scale operation, build a new agricultural management system with thecombination of intensification, specialization, organization and socialization”. A carefulsurvey on Marx and Engels cooperative economic thought is of great significance, whichcan guide the development of our current new farmers cooperative economic organizations,develop the collective economy, speed up the integration of urban and rural development,promote the progress of the three rural problems and build a harmonious socialist society.Marx and Engels’ ideas on cooperative economic cooperation is directly from threeutopian socialists, however, the thought on cooperative economic cooperation became thecontent of socialism since the early and mid-utopian socialists. The ideas of utopiansocialists on changing the distribution system, eliminating the exchange of commodities,implementing of production plans and destroying the three major differences hasaccumulated a lot of useful ideas for Marx and Engels cooperative economic thought. Onthe one hand, Marx and Engels inherited the rational side of Utopian socialism economiccooperation; on the other hand, they criticized and developed the unreasonable side to create a new cooperative economic idea of Marxism. This paper discusses the specificcontent of cooperation in economic thought of Marx and Engels from both horizontal andvertical dimensions. Firstly sort out the concrete development course in chronological order:initially they both held the negative attitude to the cooperative economy and cooperativemovement, as the vigorous development of the workers’ movement and the cooperativemovement rising, they began to do some in-depth study of this phenomenon, thus graduallyaffirm the positive role of cooperative economy for capitalism to socialism, finallydeveloped this claim of cooperative economy from industry to agriculture, from which it isconcluded that under the capitalist system of wage labor will be replaced by the combinedlabor of cooperative system.Throughout of Marx and Engels cooperative economy thought, it mainly refers tocriticizing the unscientific cooperative economic thought, discussing the thought of thecooperation factory and agricultural cooperative. In the discussing of agriculturalcooperative thought, the paper studied the Oriental social theory, enriching the idea thatguiding farmers to take the road of communism through cooperatives. Cooperativeeconomic ideas of Marx and Engels analyzed the current economy of developmentcooperation, has meaning for promoting the integration of urban and rural areas andpromoting the process of harmonious society. Finally, the paper pointed out the limitationsof the ideas. We need to inherit their thought on the basis of the basic spirit of itsdevelopment and innovation.