| Tea Research Institutes is an important part for tea’s R&D innovation, which performance is directly related to the progress of tea science and technology. The input-output efficiency is the direct embodiment of the efficiency of the work achievement for the Tea Research Institutes. The evaluation of input-output efficiency is very important to the allocation of input resources, to tap the internal potential, to stimulate the innovation vigor, and improve the mechanism of institutes’innovation capability. Also it could be a reference of resources’allocation for the government.This article analyzes the input-output efficiency of ten main tea research institutes in China. Firstly, it analyzes institutes’overall level of input-output basis on the data from2006to2010. Secondly, it selects the input and output index according to the relativity principle. Lastly, it analyzes on the static efficiency with CCR (Constant Return to Scale) model, BCC (Variable Returns to Scale) model and SE-DEA (Super Efficiency) model, and dynamic efficiency of Total-Factor Productivity (TFP) with DEA-Malmquist index, the main results are as follows:(1) The statistical results of input and output showed, the total finance income kept growth by the average annual growth of15.43%, while the part from government kept growth of15.39%. The input mode for the government changed, the annual growth rate of project input (20.38%) was higher than that of budgetary allocations (12.45%).The structure of employees is more reasonable, the proportion of scientists increased and more qualified with higher degree level, and the proportion with master’s degree grew the fastest. Research conditions improved greatly with the annual growth rate of54.69%on equipments’expenditure. The average annual growth of expenditure on R&D activities (19.13%) was still lower than the national average level, while the output level is relatively higher, such as the per capita and unit funds published papers, publications and patents.(2) The results of correlation study of R&D input and output showed, the output item of paper, copyright and patent were significantly related to the input item of funding, personnel and per capita funding, while not significant related to achievements and varieties. To improve the output, it is needed to increase the input of total fund, personnel as well as per capita fund, and adhere to long-term&stable input to ensure the output of the achievements and varieties.(3) The static efficiency for institutes by DEA CCR&BCC model showed that seven institutes were valid of DEA technical efficiency (TE). The institute1and institute4were invalid because of invalid pure technical efficiency(PTE) and scale efficiency(SE), their SE were in ascending stage, so it was necessary to improve both the resource allocation level and increase the input. The result of DEA super efficiency showed that institute7, institute8and institute9ranking front, regardless of TE and PTE. Institute5, institute6and institute3ranking in relatively intermediate position. Institute10, institute2, institute4and institute1were ranked in the last fourth position regardless of TE and PTE.(4)The results of TFPC of institutes by DEA-Malmquist index showed that the TFP of institutes decreased, the pure technical efficiency and the scale efficiency improved, but the technology retrogressed, so it was needed to improve TFP by making technological progress. The annual TFP was instable and fluctuated during the period, which decreased in the year of2006-2007and2008-2009, while increased in the year of2007-2008and2009-2010. The TFP for institute3, institute4, institute5and institute6increased, while decreased for the remaining six institutes. |
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