Research On The Tourism Specialized Villages’ Agglomeration In Luanchuan County

The long-term urban-rural dual system made the backward rural areas in China increasinglypresent an incongruous “sick” phenomenon. The problem of the countryside, agriculture, and farmerscontinue to be paid more and more attention from our central government and the whole society. Thetourism specialized village, as a feasible agricultural development mode, plays an important role inpromoting rural development. The current studies on the specialized villages pay less attention to theservice sector, especially less to the agglomeration, spatial distribution pattern and agglomerationmechanism of the tourism specialized villages. In this paper,25tourism specialized villages in LuanchuanCounty are chosen as the study objects to study the spatial agglomeration of the tourism specializedvillages, using ARCGIS10.0, ERDAS9.2and related software, and the method of combining qualitativeanalysis and quantitative analysis. This paper gets the following conclusions:(1) The emergence of the tourism specialized villages in Luanchuan County is associated with itsflourishing tourism industry closely, especially rural tourism industry. The number of the tourismspecialized villages is growing rapidly in recent years. According to the statistics of the amount of thetourism specialized villages in each Town of Luanchuan County in2011and2013, the agglomerationeffects on measure improved remarkably. According to the different service provided, the tourismspecialized villages in Luanchuan County can be divided into scenic spots service type, rural scenery type,vocation type, and agricultural tourism type. Due to the service industry property of the tourism, thetourism specialized villages have closer relationship with the surrounding villages than the agriculturalspecialized villages and the manufacturing industrial specialized villages, and the social division of labor ismore obvious and perfect. The agglomeration measures based on the nearest neighbor distance index and Kfunction show that the spatial agglomeration of the tourism specialized villages does exist, but is currentlyin the early stages of agglomeration, and still has much room for further development. The measure of thenearest neighbor distance index shows that the tourism specialized villages have the forms ofagglomeration only in2013, and the agglomeration is not obvious in2008and2011.Influenced by the quiteuniform distribution of the tourism resources in Luanchuan County, the measure of K function shows thatthe agglomeration of the tourism specialized villages is more obvious under a small-scale (distance) analysis, but not obvious under a large-scale analysis.(2) From the point of the spatial distribution pattern of the tourism specialized villages, theirdistribution along the elevation, slope, rivers and roads is quite obvious. The tourism specialized villagesare mainly distributed in the areas with a slope of0-9,9-15and15-22, and in the areas with anelevation of400m-750m,750m-950m, and1100m-1350m. In addition, the spatial distribution of thetourism specialized villages is deeply influenced by the rivers and transportation, and mainly concentratedon the valley terraces within500meters of the rivers. Due to the complicated topography and large amountof valleys, the traffic lines are mainly distributed along rivers, and the distribution of the tourismspecialized villages is obviously along the traffic lines.(3) In the research on the agglomeration mechanism of the tourism specialized villages inLuanchuan County, the agglomeration of the tourism specialized villages is influenced by naturegeographic environment (slope, height, rivers, and scenery), government behaviors, capital (especiallyprivate capital), land circulation, and transportation, and developed based on imitation innovation and scaleand economies of labor division. Among them, the analysis of the dominant factors of the agglomerationmechanism of the tourism specialized villages suggests that the early agglomeration is dominated by thegovernment, but the current agglomeration is dominated by the agglomeration effect, and the dividing linebetween the two is marked by the entering of private capital.(4) The agglomeration of the tourism specialized villages in Luanchuan County is subject to theseasonality of the tourism, transportation, and the quality of the farmers. To expand the agglomeration ofthe specialized villages, we need to continue to improve their infrastructure, improve the reception abilityof the specialized villages, strengthen the training of the practitioners in modern tourism knowledge,management experience, and economic common sense, and improve the farmers’ understanding of the localculture and folk customs. To promote the further development of the agglomeration of the specializedvillages, the transformation of the government functions and the maintaining of the rurality is a problemthat the agglomeration of the tourism specialized villages in Luanchuan County must face and solve, and isalso a problem that all the other areas in China developing rural tourism must consider.