The Analysis About Hunan Provinvce’s Migration Of Labor Force Under The Agricultural Modernization Background

Modernization of agriculture and the rural labor transfer has always been a keyissue in China’s rural economy, agriculture is the foundation of its national economy,the agricultural modernization related to the sustainable and balanced development ofthe national economy. Since the reform and opening up of china, due to the guidanceof national policy and the varying macroscopic circustance, a large number of ruralsurplus labors worked in the city. The migrant of rural labor increase the farmers’income; promote the rural poverty reduction and urban development and alsoeffective development pattern of city driving rural. But the rural labor transfer towardnon-agricultural sectors and urban areas also poses the problem of agriculture’s"hollowing out". The farmer is the main structure of agriculture, it should be givenconsideration to agriculture as the rural labor force transfer to city, and we shouldplay the positive role of the rural labor force in the modernization of agriculture.Hunan Province is a typical agricultural province, is also the most populousprovince, raising5.2%of the country’s population in less than2.1%of the country’stotal land, the area of arable land per capita is much lower than the level of the worldaverage of0.25hectares of arable land. In the background of agriculture mordenconstruction, there have been a number of new features of rural labor transfer. On theone hand the number of city college graduates and laid-off urban workers increses,intensified the competition in the urban job market,and the quality of farmers’employment is not high in the city. On the other hand, the transfer of the rural laborforce weaken the competitiveness and the self-development capacityof theagricultural, affecting the rural scientific and technological progress and theimprovement of production efficiency. Modernization of agriculture is an effectiveway to improve the income of farmers and the development of the rural economy, andabsorb the surplus labor force in rural areas. Through agricultural modernization,optimize the structure of agricultural products, increase in labor-intensive andtechnology-intensive proportion of animal husbandry and fishery, develop theindustrialized operation of agriculture, help the rural labor force employed in theagriculture internal. This article combing the classical theory of labor transfer, and the literature athome and abroad, such as the surplus labor force estimates, labor transfer effect andthe impact of labor transfer factors; discussed the basic situations of the transfer ofrural labor in Hunan, analysis the size of the rural labor force Hunan Province,estimates the number of surplus labor and surplus labor transfer scale, andsummarizes the main problems in Hunan rural labor transfer; based on the basis of therelevant research, combined with the development of agricultural modernization inHunan Province, this paper build a Empirical model to analysis the main factors toaffect the rural labor transfer in Hunan Province,and discuss the modernization ofagriculture’s ability to absorb surplus rural labor. Considered the difficulties faced inrural surplus labor transfer and agricultural modernization, complying with theobjective laws of industrialization and urbanization, this paper provides somesuggestions to accelerate the modernization of agriculture, achieve the transfer ofrural surplus labor force scientificlly.