The Analysis Of Regional S&T Development Difference And Its Countermeasure In Chongqing Municipality Based On Gradient Theory

In order to promote the rapid development of social economy, we need toaccelerate the pace of scientific and technological development as a support. The abilityof technology innovation has gradually become the core driving force and the decisivefactor in regional economic development. As the youngest direct-controlledmunicipality, Chongqing is the western economic growth pole. But there is huge gap ineconomic growth and technology innovation ability between Chongqing and Beijing,Shanghai. Meanwhile, Chongqing has complex economic structure, its specialgeographical location and location conditions led to the imbalance on economy andscience and technology level among regions.To clearly reflect the Chongqing’s overall level of science and technologydevelopment and the regional difference, this paper introduced the concept of scienceand technology gradient, use the science and technology gradient coefficient to measurethe differences of regional science and technology. Analogy in industrial gradientcoefficient, using the comparative rate of S&T human resources, comparative rate ofS&T funds investment, product of comparative S&T innovation efficiency and syntheticindex of S&T progress level to show S&T gradient coefficient, and it gives empiricalmeasurement and contrast analysis of each region. The empirical study results show thatChongqing’s S&T development level tends to be ladder-like in each region: highest inthe urban function zone that consists of urban function core zone and urban functiondevelopment zone, and has obvious location advantages on the input and output ofscience and technology activities.Then by calculating the coefficient of dispersion and Theil index, finds that thereexists great spatial difference in all functional areas of Chongqing. The S&Tdevelopment level between each district and county of urban function zone is relativelybalanced, but for the northeast and southeast of Chongqing, there is great gap amongeach district and county. Furthermore the indicators that have greatest impact on thelevel of S&T development were S&T activities input and S&T activities output.Finally, this paper analyzed the positive and negative impacts caused by theregional S&T development gradient differences, and put forward some suggestions topromote Chongqing’s S&T development level as follows: continuing to strengthen thescientific research investment, promote the output of scientific and technological achievements; with strong taking weakly, playing out the leading role of the science andtechnology gathered zone; strengthening exchanges and cooperation on regionaldevelopment of science and technology integration.