Research On Multipath Routing Algorithm In ZigBee Network Based On Load Balancing

As a key short distance wireless technology in wireless sensor network(WSN), Zig Bee has the advantages of low cost, low power consumption and high security. It is widely used in automatic control and remote monitoring, etc. Network layer is one of the most crucial layers of Zig Bee protocol, and the routing protocol in network layer has great influence on the data transmission quality and performance of networks. The optimization and improvements of routing protocol can largely improve the overall performance of the network. With the rapid development of Internet of things, Zig Bee technology has been applied in more and more fields, so it’s necessary to improve Zig Bee network performance to meet the growing demand of Io T.The paper focuses on research of multipath routing protocol in Zig Bee networks based on the analysis of routing mechanism in network layer. The paper summarizes and analyzes existing multipath routing protocols in the Zig Bee network. In view of the interference between paths and uneven flow distribution problems in the existing multipath routing protocols, this paper proposes a Zig Bee multipath routing algorithm based on load balancing named Z-LBMR by optimizing the Z-MHTR routing protocol, the proposed algorithm can reduce the interference between paths and balance the network load:(1) To reduce the interference between paths, this paper proposes a new mechanism of multipath routing establishment. First of all, add interference flag bit to the neighbor table in each node, after the establishment of the primary path, nodes around it will be marked as jamming node. After that, when set up subpaths, the algorithm can avoid these nodes perfectly, so the data transmission on those paths do not affect each other. Thus, this can greatly reduce the data collision and packet loss, and improve the reliability and bandwidth of data transmission at the same time.(2) The reasonable distribution of network loads can protect the primary path from premature failure due to excessive use, and use network resources more efficiently. This paper proposes a effective load distribution algorithm, when the source node distributes traffic loads, this algorithm comprehensively considers each path’s information, such as the link quality, and time delay of each path, residual energy, not only consider about hops of the path. Calculate the ratio of data forwarding in every path according to these information about each path performance metrics. Finally, the load distribution is over.(3) Simulate tree routing, Z-MHTR and Z-LBMR routing protocol in the NS2 simulation environment and the simulation results are analyzed in detail. The simulation result demonstrates that Z-LBMR algorithm performs significantly better than the same type routing algorithms in packet delivery ratio, average end to end delay and network lifetime.