Beam-shaping Investigation Of Substrate Integrated Array Antenna

With the rapid development and the wide application of wireless communication technology, it has new requirements for the antenna, such as having a wide beamwidth, achieving side lobe suppression, beam direction control, which requires beam-shaping investigation of the antenna. Based on the advantages of substrate integrated waveguide(SIW), the substrate integrated array antenna has compact structure, small size, low loss, easy to integrate with other planes. These features make it become one of the hot research area in recent years. By modifying the excitation amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna element in the array, it can be easily performed the desired requirements.Currently, research of substrate integrated array antenna side lobe suppression is mostly focused on the low side lobe, and it is less for the study of any side lobe suppression. Universal antenna elements having a wide beamwidth are the dipole antenna, the opening waveguide antenna, the waveguide slot antenna, the traditional microstrip antenna, etc. But in practice they are subject to certain restrictions.Based on SIW transmission lines and single printed circuit board(PCB) processing technology, it is introduced about the beam-shaping investigation of substrate integrated array antenna, specifically divided into four parts.Firstly, the E-plane pattern side lobe suppression of substrate integrated array antenna: K-band beam-shaping 16×32 array antenna is introduced and experimental research is studied. By comparing the simulation and experimental results, it shows that the two parts coincide well with each other and satisfy the requirements of the specific pattern, indicating that the array antenna has excellent beam-shaping characteristics.Secondly, the E-plane and H-plane pattern side lobe suppression of substrate integrated array antenna is presented. It involves the H-plane pattern side lobe suppression of the antenna element and the E-plane pattern side lobe suppression of K-band 16×22 array antenna. The simulation and experimental results of 16×22 array antenna show that the array antenna has good side lobe suppression features, but they have a certain deviation. The foremost reason is found by analyzing from the perspective of the dielectric material parameters.Then, the V-band beam broadening antenna element and 1×8 wide-angle scanning array antenna is introduced. Simulation and experimental results of beam broadening antenna element show it has good beam broadening characteristics. The simulation results of 1×8 wide-angle scanning array antenna show that the array antenna has excellent wide-angle scanning features.Finally, the Ka-band SIW conformal leaky-wave antenna is presented. The simulation and experimental results are in good agreement and the antenna element achieves decent beam pointing control characteristics.