Information Extraction And Characteristic Analysis Of Urban Land Within Six Ring In Beijing City Based On ZY-3 Image

Since C hina’s reform and opening up, C hina’s urbanization process is accelerated, the urbanization rate reached 54.77% in 2014. With the development of urbanization, urban spatial expansion, transformation and upgrading of industrial structure, and improving of living standards, urban internal structure and spatial pattern has greatly changed, that changed the urban function layout and affected the urban economic and social development and ecological environmental quality directly. In recent years, the application of high resolution satellite imagery provides the convenience for fast and accurate extraction of internal city land use information and researching urban land use characteristics. Therefore, based on high resolution satellite imagery, fast and accurate extraction of land use for internal city information, analysis of its characteristics of land use structure and spatial pattern are of great significance for scientific management of urban land, urban ecological environment and urban sustainable development.Beijing is the capital of our country, within areas of six rings are the political, economic, cultural, educational and international communication center, at the same time, industrial enterprises cause more serious environmental pollution. Land use types are very complicated, including industrial land, living land, traffic land, green land, water, et al. In this paper, based on ZY-3 satellite images, using object-oriented method, extracted the land information within six rings in Beijing, and analyzed the land use structure and spatial characteristics, in order to provide the basis for the Beijing municipal land management and urban planning. The main research contents and results are as follows:(1)Based on ZY-3 and object-oriented classification method to extract the urban landThis study six ring of Beijing area as the research area, three satellite remote sensing image using resources, based on the e Cognition software, adopts the object-oriented classification method of Membership Function classification, "homogeneous" with the multiresolution segmentation image object for the smallest taxa, by building the classification level, the selection of spectral features include Brightness, Mean Layer4, NDVI; Geometric features including Length/Width, Area; Texture feature of Gray Le vel Difference Vector Contrast(GLDV Contrast) Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix Contrast(GLCM Contrast), 135- degree direction; Auxiliary area relations with adjacent domain object features include Existence of C lass; The types of Distance to C lass; Invert Similarity to C lasses and other characteristics, set the reasonable threshold after repeated experiments, accurate extraction.This study has accurately extracted the water, vegetation, construction land and land to be developed, and eliminated the influence of shadow, innovation to distinguish the various feature types within the urban construction land, including industrial land, low density and high density living land and traffic land. C lassification accuracy can reach 89.09%, the Kappa coefficient is 0.8800, the effect is better.(2)Urban land characteristic analysisHigh and low density living land cover an area of 669.89 and 86.06 square kilometers, with a total area of 29.55% and 3.80% respectively. Low density living land is mainly distributed within the 4th ring, that are mostly near the land used for tourism; High density living land has a wide distribution, that is main concentrated in hospitals, schools, banks and business center. Combining with the principle of intensive utilization of land, land for high density living land should be layout between the 3rd and 5th ring road, low density land should be layout in travel land and the old city, contrasted with classification figure, and found that is a reasonable layout.Rural residential areas and agricultural land, respectively 229.26 and 239.50 square kilometers, the proportion of total six ring area were 10.11% and 10.56% respectively. Rural settlements are mainly distributed in between 5th and 6th ring, interlaced zone between urban and rural areas, formed a transitional zone central city and the countryside, half city and half the country. Agricultural land is mainly around the rural settlement distribution.Industrial land covers an area of 439.19 square kilometers, about 21% of the total area in six rings. According to the flow direction of wind, away from residential areas such as noise, Haidian district, located in the c ity with the wind shaft rotation and the river upstream, so there is no suitable for the air and water polluting industrial land; Fengtai, Shijingshan and Daxing district are not suitable for air polluting industrial land layout that located in the city with the wind shaft rotation.Lakes, vegetation, river and land to be developed, cover about 27.89, 378.64, 14.84 and 46.27 square kilometers. Lakes are mainly distributed in the Summer Palace, the O lympic forest park, Houhai, Q ianhai and other parks; Vegetation are mainly distributed in the Shijingshan, Fengtai and park; The rural residential areas are around of the farmland; Yongding river runs through the Fengtai and Daxing district, north Shahe goes through the Haidian district by left, Wenyu river goes through the C haoyang and Tongzhou district by right; Nanyuan Airport and Beijing Capital International Airport are located in Fengtai and Shunyi district respectively; Land to be developed are mainly distributed in Fengtai district, Daxing and near the industrial land; Traffic developed within six ring, forming the reticular structure. Land to be developed are mainly distributed in Fengtai, Daxing, Fangshan and Tongzhou.