Design And Research Of Weak Optical Signal Detection System

With the rapid development of modern photonics technology and the emerging of many kinds of photoelectric conversion devices, photoelectric detection technology was applied more and more widely, especially in the application development of weak optical signal detection technologies. For weak optical signal, the signal wide dynamic range and the big background noise caused great difficulties in detection. According to the principle of weak signal detection technology, this paper designed a weak optical signal detection system based on Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM).Firstly, this study discussed the background and the domestic and abroad studies of weak optical signal detection technology, and compared several methods that commonly used in weak optical signal detection. Secondly, a detailed description and discussion of the weak optical signal detection system was analyzed, including amplifier modules, circuit control module, power supply circuitry, and signal acquisition and transmission module. Among them, focused on the amplifier circuit, it used the signal compression function of logarithmic amplifier, which combined with the principle of integrating amplifier, signal achieved compression and conversion with wide dynamic and large noise. The circuit output was steady and extracted effectively. For the software part of the system, SCM C language was used to write programs. Then, two photodiodes (PN type and PIN type) was utilized to discuss and analyze the characteristics of incident power and incident frequency of weak optical signal detection system, and the actual spectrum of light-emitting diodes were measured. Finally, this study summarized the system circuit and output characteristics of the measurement results, and made its further research work.Measurement results of the weak optical signal measurement circuit detection systems show that it can achieve ideal results in weak optical signal detection. And system circuit has advantages of low cost, fast speed and flexible operation, which can be used in a variety of occasions to detect weak signals.