The Empirical Research On Transformation Efficiency Of Scientific Achievements In Research Universities

Chinese scientific and technological achievements is higher than many countries, but the rate of transformation is too low. This departure phenomenon cause the attention of the academic. College and universities is the important part of national innovation system, is the core strength in the national knowledge innovation. Under our accumulated technology Industrial weaker background, the status of science and technology achievements transformation of universities play an important role to the promotion of industrial competitiveness. But the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities are generally low efficiency. Application of scientific and technological achievements, and the promotion of it, and the conversion of it, and other issues has been neglected. Academic has carried out many interesting research on the low technological achievements efficiency of the Universities. But few studies available from the whole chain of thinking of the university scientific achievement production and transforming. in the relevant empirical studies, many scholars has used traditional DEA methods on a single stage of transformation of scientific and technological achievements of colleges and universities. But depending on the conversion process of traditional DEA method, it regard the process as the "black box”, without considering the input and the output in the middle of the process and link, affect the credibility of the empirical results. In addition, DEA results often produce inefficient unit, there is no way to further open decision-making unit, and analyzes its reason or gives the improvements.This papers is with the point of view in the whole chain of transformation of scientific and technological achievements, dividing the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into “research and development” stage and “the generation of science and technology achievements value” stage. And based on the whole chain of the science and technology achievement transformation in University, network DEA method is used to empirically, portraying the status of transformation. The article also will use network DEA and social network analysis method to analysis the advantages and disadvantages of the universities’ input-output, the benchmarking units, the sensitivity factor of colleges and universities. Finally, based on theoretical research, it will identify the non-efficiency influencing factors of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of colleges and universities. Through empirical analysis, this paper obtained the following conclusions:(1) From the mean of each stage, the overall efficiency of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in Chinese colleges and universities is low, and the efficiency of the research and development stage is higher, and the efficiency of the use of scientific and technological achievements is lower. On the trend of it, the efficiency of the research and development stage is declining, and the efficiency of value creation and implementation of scientific and technological achievements is improving.(2) Through social network analysis, it found out the advantages and disadvantages in the process of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and found out that most colleges and universities have overall relatively lower strength in the aspects, such as the income from the sale in patents, application and service personnel, technology services and so on. This may be some reasons, like that our major colleges and universities do not pay attention to realize the value of scientific and technological achievements, like that research and development activities is disconnected with the demand of the market, like that the government plans to give priority to weaken the industry-university-institute cooperation degree, like that high technical market activity is not enough in China, like that it do not have a high level of protection of intellectual property rights, like that technical market evaluation and promotion ability is not strong, like that our investment structure in the university of science and technology resources in the research is not irrational,and so on.(3) This article embarks from the whole chain about the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, analyzing the impact of external factors on the transformation of scientific and technological achievements research universities, the study found: contact research strength, technological absorptive capacity of enterprises, government financial support, incentives and university system conversion and other hidden factors have a significant positive impact. In the economic environment factors, economic development and industrial structure has not translated into significant resistance of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements; the market environment, the degree of market transformation to produce a positive impact, the strength of intellectual property protection did not translate into a significant impact. Based on this,this paper also made recommendations accordingly.