| “Developing sport to enhance people’s health†being the basic guidelines of the development of sports in China, mass sports is the foundation of implementation of this policy. Carrying out mass sports is an important means to implement socialist “people-oriented†scientific outlook on sports development and to achieve national fitness. Since the reform and opening up, China has achieved rapid economic development and the living standards of urban and rural residents has been highly improved, which has subtly changed the urban and rural residents’ way of life. With the formation of regional economic circle and in-depth urbanization, the urban and rural residents’ concepts of health have undergone major changes – they have more health awareness and demands. All kinds of scientific, reasonable, interesting physical activities have become the main form of national fitness. Physical exercise not only brings people unexpected pleasure, but also effectively improves the sub-health condition of urban and rural residents. More and more people have tasted the sweetness of physical and mental health from doing physical exercise, and physical exercise therefore has been paid more attention. The mass sports practice since 1949 has proved that the sound development of mass sports must be based on the scientific development policy and planning, which has to be on the basis of scientific data and analysis.China Mass Sports Status Survey was conducted respectively in 1997 and 2001, and the third national mass sports investigation was carried out in 2007, before Beijing Olympic Games. The data collected in the three surveys can basically reflect a full view of the development of mass sports activities. The General Administration of Sport of China has thus established a basic database to have a comprehensive grasp of the situation of nationwide mass sports activities, and then formulates and implements the National Fitness Program Outline and other policies. Hebei Province was involved in the three national mass sports status survey work, but has not analyzed or summarized the obtained data.This study provides a scientific data basis for sports administration departments mass sports management agencies in Hebei Province to develop mass sports policy and long-term planning, which will have a far-reaching impact on the enhancement of people’s health and improvement the physical quality of the whole nation. At the same time the study provides a theoretical support for sports administration departments at all levels to establish a scientific and rigorous outlook on development to serve the people, to improve national fitness management capabilities as well as the better development of mass sports in Hebei Province. It also provides a useful reference for the national fitness development of other provinces and cities and thus has important practical significance.In this study, the methods of literature, interview survey, questionnaire and mathematical statistics are employed to investigate into and analyze the physical exercise motivation, physical exercise status, sports consumption, physical exercise factors, etc. of 3024 Hebei urban and rural residents in 2014, which fills gaps in the current mass sports investigation and research in Hebei.Physical exercise has not been popularized among Hebei urban and rural residents. The number of urban residents participating in physical exercise is significantly higher than that of rural residents, among which the number of men higher than that of women. The overall level of sports consumption of Hebei urban and rural residents is not high and neither is the per capita sports consumption of the participants, which reflects the relatively low level of income and consumer attitudes of the province’s urban and rural residents. The urban participants have a higher level of consumption and consumer attitudes than the rural participants as well as more formal venues for physical exercise. The aims of doing physical exercise of Hebei urban and rural residents are to increase physical activity, followed by disease prevention and control, and thirdly recreation. Most of the participants have not received any professional guidance and their access to motor skills is mainly self-study. The main obstacles for Hebei urban and rural residents to participate in physical exercise is the lack of time and tiring work, followed by the lack of formal guidance and venues and facilities, and finally inertia.The paper suggests that sports legal construction should be actively promoted in Hebei Province and relevant implementation measures and rules relevant to national fitness should be developed according to the Sports Law of People’s Republic of China. National fitness campaign should be vigorously publicized and scientific fitness ideas should be popularized. The paper advocates changing the lifestyle of urban and rural residents to participate in physical exercise and enhancing their physical fitness awareness. The physical exercise consciousness of youngsters should be fostered so that they develop a lifelong habit of physical exercise participation. The sports environment and sports facilities should be improved. The training of professional sports guidance personnel and physical team building of professional coaches should be intensified so as to provide scientific fitness guide for urban and rural residents. |
