The Study Of The Evolution Of Chinese Billiards Since The Reform And Open Policy

Since the reform and opening up, billiards has been developing for over 30 years. Duing this time, as the representative of a success among the non-Olympic games, billiards play an important role in our sports field. However, it seldom has a research about billiards especially from a pespective of "a sport" in a historical way. Billiards have a similarity with our Chinese history. Under the influence of its own development rules, the economics, politics, and culture, billiards show us a spectacular evolution track.This study is a historical data on review and record billiards. And this study will promote social understanding and extend its own cultural space. Furthermore, it is not only provide a feasible reference and basis on the development of billiards in school education, competitive sports and mass sports and so on, but also provide a insperation for the other "non-Olympic" sport.This paper use literature material methods, interview methods, expert questionnaire survey research methods to make a comprehensive analysis and research on billiards evolution since the reform and opening up. The conclusion is showing as below:Firstly, the evolution of billiards in China can be traced on the beginning of the reform and opening up, the Swan hotel invitational tournament and the rise of billiard table is an opportunity. From then on, the billiards show like "sprouting", "borrowing" and "initiating" With the establishment of CBSA and CCTV Kent Cup broadcast, several significant "first steps" have appeared in public. Billiards in China start to move into an institutionalized, differential, and image alienated track. Simultaneously, public media promoted public billiards, public billiards-billiards club, equipment-event, school-billiards education, these cause effective and positive development cycles and it were successfully operated. From the period of professional billiards sports league in China to Junhui Ding got his first champion, billiards in China experienced many important checkpoints. Not only competitive billiards events and public billiards events, but also billiards arenas and billiards equipments, they all appeared some "backflows". Otherwise, because of the pacing up and down during the process of billiards development, exclusion and fusion in mass billiards development became mainstream features when Junhui Ding got his first world-class champion, after several years’development and accumulation, billiards in China officially entered to a magnificent level. Ceiebrity effect gave the development of Chinese billiards fresh vitality, billiards in China stepped to a booming period. However, behind the explosive growth, some delicate issues, for example, bubble prosperity and dispute between native method and foreign method, which were not only billiards inherent problems but could be found in all sports, were filling in the stage of billiards development in China. After 2012, five lists of snooker tournaments launched in China, China became another center of world billiards. Billiards in China entered a rational and intensive development period. In balancing monopoly and growth, billiards in China turned into mature.Secondarily, whole billiards sports in China showed a "standardization" and "region"-"professionalization" and "specialization"-"explosive development and expansion" and finally "international" flowing orbit. Public Sports showed a "discovery" and "original"-"fast speed but low-quality development" and "bad-then-change"-"universal" and "public"-and finally "fusion" and "diversity" gradual change path. School billiards education showed " prospective trial "-" slow confrontation and acceptation"-"fast introduction and popularity" and finally "fashioned and solid" developing rule. These three lines had separate existence, besides, they synchronized an evolution line of billiards development in China, they also explained the inherent development logic and external influence factor of billiards in China.Thirdly, drawing lessons from history, seeking inspiration, and looking to the future are the purposes of this research article. Healthy billiards development in China cannot leave with unifying subitems and thinking highly of stars. Non-Olympic games need to cooperate with social capital and increase popularity by learning public sports experience. At the beginning of importing new sport, we need to simplify and localize the specific sport. Then, opening mind and finding cross-border opportunity are also effective ways to help sports development. However, it is very important to rethink eternal factors and avoid blind investment. Also, it is meaningful that we treat sports spectator and sports participation differently, avoid fast but low-quality development. Besides, school billiards education needs more promotion.