The Contrast Study Of Athletics Age’s Characteristic Of Excellent Decathlon And Heptathlon Athletes Between In Internal And Overseas

Decathlon athletics is comprehensive games, which is composed of the part project of run, jump, shot. To some extent it is often considered to reflect a country’s strength in track and field.China’s decathlon project compared with the world the gap is huge, only individual athletes appeared in the world series, even it is very difficult that there is the players to enter the Olympic games.Therefore, how to improve Chinese decathlon athletes training level and quality, and how to make our excellent decathlon athletes to improve in performance competitive age, become one of the most difficult problem for Chinese decathlon athletes and coaches.This paper compares the age characteristics of growth of individual achievement between Chinese and foreign outstandingdecathlon athlete, and studies priority movement quality basis and required quality potential development of each single project and individual movements, and timely, in-depth studies age’s characteristic of excellent decathlon and heptathlon athletes, and develops and provides a theoretical basis to carry out long-term training program for coaches and the scientific division of stages, years of training athletes. At the same time, the research results of this paper will improve our decathlon sports age theory researchsystem, and help construct system of track and field theory.This paper mainly uses literature method, mathematical statistics method,inductive analysis method and case analysis method. The object of study is the63outstanding decathlon athlete with2000-2008years the annual ranking of the top10.This paper is the comparison of athletics age’s characteristic of excellent decathlonand heptathlon athletes between in internal and overseas and performance variation,and analyzes the reasons of our country’s track and field athletes Qi Haifeng and ShenShengfei competitive age characteristics of unreasonable, finally makes decathlonathletes age and performance model.（1）It is found that world elite decathlon athletes age characteristics have certainregularity, decathlon and heptathlon athletes first reached the international top levelbest age is21-23years old; the best competitive age of the decathlon athletes is25-28years old, and heptathlon athletes is27-29years old, the average age of female athletes in the best competitive age is one years older than men’s; excellent decathlonand heptathlon athletes keep athletics level to30-35years old.（2）Each single best athletics age of the world elite decathlon athletes in arerespectively:1500metres-23.68years old, high jump-23.80years old,400meters-24.08years old,100meters-24.56years old, long jump-24.80years old,110metershurdles-25.32years old, the pole vault-25.56years old, javelin discus-26.08, discusthrow-26.80, shot-27.04years old. Each single best athletics age of the world eliteheptathlon athletes in are respectively:100meters hurdles-26.45years old, high jump-25.00years, shot-27.27years old,200metres-25.31years, long jump-25.81years old,javelin discus-27.68years old,800meters-26.05.The conclusion of the study:（1）Decathlon athletes first reached the international top level best age is21-23yearsold, the best competitive age of the decathlon athletes is25-28years old, keepingathletics level is30-34years old；improving the competitive level training stage is4-6years, keeping the competitive level training stage is4-9years, the competitive age isup to9-12years. Heptathlon athletes first reached the international top level best ageis21-23years old, the best competitive age of the decathlon athletes is27-29yearsold, keeping athletics level is30-35years old；improving the competitive leveltraining stage is5-6years, keeping the competitive level training stage is4-7years,the competitive age is up to10-12years.（2）The characteristics of athletic of the world elite decathlon age is performance as“three latter, two long” phenomenon.“Three latter” is the first to reach theinternational master level late age, age of best sports night and keep the competitivelevel in late age;"two long" is to improve the competitive ability of the long years oftraining stage and keep the competitive ability of the long years of training stage.（3）World elite decathlon and heptathlon athletes of each single best competitive agecharacteristics accord with the features of the age of best sports world elite track andfield athletes, but endurance and throwing of the best competitive age are in advance.But our country outstanding decathlon athletes of each single best athletics age doesnot conform to the world’s.（4）The pole vault,400meters,100meters, long jump and the110m hurdles of thebest competitive age characteristics impact greater on the world decathlon athletes score.（5）Chinese elite decathlon athletes Qi Haifeng, Shen Shengfei and Liu Hailicompetitive age characteristics show "three long, two short", which is the first reachedthe international master level best age, early age of best sports early and keep thecompetitive level of early age; improve the competitive ability of short durationtraining stage and maintain competitive ability training stage of short duration.