| According to contemporary Tibetan history, because of the British imperialist aggression and provocation, there was a serious estrangement between the 13 th Dalai Lama and the Qing Government. After the Revolution of 1911, the riots raised by the central government military personnel in Tibet seriously disturbed the Tibetan public order, thus the soldiers were all driven back. Since then the Central Government and the Tibet local government has shared an abnormal relationship. Liu Manqing, proficient in Chinese, Tibetan and many other languages, was born in a Lhasa family where the mother was from Tibet and the father from the han nationality. She left Tibet when she was 9 years old, and worked for the Nanjing National Government later. Influenced by her family, Liu Manqing concerned herself with the Tibetan political situation. She filed a petition to the Central Government and stated the wish to go to Tibet in 1929. When she finally met the 13 th Dalai Lama, she successfully convinced him to support the Central Government. Therefore, the re-friendly relationship between the Central Government and the Tibetan local government was greatly attributed to her.<Expedition in Carriages to Kangzang Area >, <Expedition to Tibet>, written by Liu Manqing, based on her experience on the road to and return from Tibet, <Frontier Education>, based on her understanding and thinking of the education in Kangzang area, were precious first hand materials for the after researched on modern famous historical figures, major historical events and Kangzang area education, etc.This paper includes six parts. The introduction part mainly explains the research background and research significance of this paper, clarifies the innovation of this topic, with the review of those historical figures having been to Tibet in the period of the Republic of China, and presents the research methods and data sources in this paper.The paper is divided into five chapters.The first chapter is an overview of Liu Manqing’s life, including the social and historical background of the Central Government and the Tibet, in which Liu Manqing was lived in. Liu Manqing’s life experience, including study and work experience, is summarized to present Liu Manqing’s life comprehensively. Textual research on Liu Manqing’s year of birth and death, her nationality composition and her relationship with Dai Chuanxian is included.The second chapter is the core part of this paper, in which Liu Manqing’s first expedition to Tibet is introduced. The history background and its significance of Liu Manqing’s first experience to Tibet is analyzed in detail, including the textual research on Liu Manqing is the best candidate to Tibet, her routine to Tibet, and her contact with 13 th Dalai Lama and other aristocrats after she reached Lhasa.The third chapter is a review of Liu Manqing’s second, third and fourth expedition to Tibet. The historical backgrounds are analyzed; the experiences in the road are presented. The previous two times of her expedition is failed to Tibet, but in the fourth time she managed to reach Lhasa and she the organized the anti-Japanese propaganda activities.The fourth chapter is a study of Liu Manqing’s thought. Liu Manqing’s Patriotic thought, feminist ideology, thought about people’s livelihood and education are summarized, Liu Manqing’s thought is reviewed with the reference to the reviews from her time.The fifth chapter is a conclusion, in which Liu Manqing’s historical position is shown and her historical contribution is evaluated. In additions to her great historical contribution to the Qing central government and Tibet local government’s friendly relationship, she also promoted the Tibetan and Han cultural communication, promoted the two peoples’ exchanges. |
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