The Comparative Study Of Chinese Communist Leadership’s Guiding Thought For Agricultural Cooperation And Its Contemporary Enlightenment

In the1950s, the communist party of China, represented by Mao Zedong,Liu Shaoqi, and Deng Zihui as the major leaders, combined the socialist theorywith China’s specific conditions to lead the whole nation to put forward avigorous agricultural cooperative movement. This movement succeeded tointegrate our thousands-year scattering individual small-scale peasant economyinto collective economy, thus millions of farmers naturally adopted the socialistroad. However, any kind of institutional change will not take effect overnight, asthe process won’t be plain and easy. In the process of agricultural cooperation,based on their different perspectives, Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi, Deng Zihui alsodiffered in their views about the concrete practical method to promote thismovement. So the collision and disputation in the leader-level happened a lot. But it is precisely in these interactions of the different understanding andthoughts, their final consensus achieved to initiate the Chinese characteristicagricultural-cooperative road.Nowadays, we find that "the strategic layout of “heavy industry overagriculture","large-scale farm economy will inevitably produce ’economies ofscale" and "trying to construct Soviet collective farm", these consensus above,restricted by time and thought of1950s, is partial and unpractical,and thateventually our country’s agricultural cooperation movement converted to thehousehold contract responsibility system characterized by the combination of"peasant household and small plots of land". So in the final analysis, the originalmode of production of small-scale peasant economy has not been changed.Since it comes to the new century, with the development of Chinese agricultureand the advancement of socialist new rural construction, China’s ruraldevelopment tend to adopt agricultural mutual aid and cooperation again. Thedevelopment of farmers’ professional cooperative organization showed a clearadvantage to boost the degree of farmers’ organization, to promote the farmers’income and to construct the modern agriculture. The faltering and repeatabilityof historical progress requires us to attach importance to this historical tendency.“Only if we can succeed to inherit the past, can we finally usher inthe future”.Back to the1950s, by studying comparatively the cooperativethought of the major leaders represented by Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi and DengZihui, we will be enlightened a lot and take reference to clarify the future agricultural developing approach, realize agricultural modernization and solvethe Three Rural Issues radically.The whole thesis is divided into five parts.The first part is an introduction. It expounds the significance of the selectedtopic and the contemporary research condition of agricultural cooperation.Then it makes a brief overview of the general process of agriculturalcooperation to define the paper’s research scope.Then it summarizes the maininnovative points of this paper.The second part first explains respectively Mao Zedong’s, Liu Shaoqi’s, andDeng Zihui’s thoughts about the pathway to thruster agricultural cooperationmovement, striving to express their own unique comprehension about thismovement. Then the paper seeks to conclude their common ground with an aimto lay an access to the debate in the next part.The third part emphatically probes the three major leader’s discussion aboutthe direction and the developing process of this cooperative movement and theresult of their debate.The fourth part explores the time-limited consensus reached in the debate,then it further analyses the internal cause why the debate result is always"one-sided". At last it presented that we should treat the transition and the prosand cons of cooperative movement reasonably.The fifth part produces some enlightenments induced from the cooperativemovement in1950s, which may be of value to guide today’s new rural cooperative construction. First, respecting farmer’s principal status andprotecting their interests is the core to solve “Three rural issues”.Second, theland joint-stock property right innovation is a reasonable direction to solve“Three rural issues”.Third, the agricultural cooperative organization is aneffective pattern to solve “Three rural issues”.