British Community Correction System And Its Revelation

Throughout the long history of the development of penalty, every countries have been innovating constantly for the theories and practice of penalty. To see from the development tendency of international society, the penalty system has changed from the stage of imprisonment-based to the stage of the non-imprisonment. The penalties go to easement from asperity and go to civilization from violence, which has become a popular tend. And at the same time, the penalty execution changes from non-socialization to socialization as well, which is from sealing to openness, and copes with the crime and treat the criminals with the most effective and humanistic approaches. Under this background, the Community Correction appears with a kind of creative idea and mode, the depth and breadth of its application has become one vital coordinate to measure the development of penalty and extent of one country’s degree of civilization.In the history of western countries’penalty development, the Community Correction is not a new concept, many countries’Community Correction has developed perfectly. As one of the cradle of this system, United Kingdom has haven complete constitutive system and judicial practice. The principles, such as Correction combined with punishment, protection for the safe and benefit of the public, paying attention to the affect of crime to the victims, making the criminals go back to the society and precaution, reduction of crime, etc, which are established British in the Community Correction, have become collective examples which are approved and supported by the countries all over the world, furthermore, they are representative in common law system. To China, Community Correction is just a new objective appeared in the Amendment to Criminal Law in2011. As a new attempt, experimental work which start from July,2003, opens the prelude of our country’s experimental work of Community Correction system. Shanghai, Tianjin, Shandong and Jiangsu carry out the experimental work continually, from the start of the2001, the work has attempted to carry out and got some early success, its characteristic of reforming the criminals through the strength form society and its humanistic sprit have become the bright spot of our country’s penalty executive work. But as a creation of system, we have some disadvantages in the aspect of theories and practice, it is urgent to explore the theoretical research deeply and operational mode. Compared with British Community Correction, there exist big vacuum, so it is necessary to discuss and analyze this system of UK, and to take in some experience of success and meaningful enlightenment.This essay aims to analyze the Community Correction of UK, the first part is to state the many kinds of theoretical doctrines about the concept of the Community Correction for understanding the nature and features of it, and at the same time, to analyze the theory basis for emphasizing the feasibility of this system in China; The second part is to summary for seeing the system how to be built in UK--one of cradle of this system, it mainly states the history of its establishment and development in UK for understanding the background and conditions as a whole, furthermore, it states the benefit of this system as well. The third part is to summarize the current situation of the British Community Correction, including the setting of organization and allocation of personnel, the variety and application of penalty, the basic features and judicial practice for observing the operation, improvement and perfection of British Community Correction. The forth part is on the basis of analyzing the condition of constitution and jurisdiction of UK, summarizing the advantages and disadvantages to take in some experience of success and meaningful enlightenment and combing with our country’s fact condition and experimental work, for exploring the ways of perfecting China Community Correction. This essays thinks that, thinking and analyzing the British basic theories and institutional building of Community Correction, it is not only the need of perfecting the Community Correction system, but also the need of improving the penalty theory system and the reform of judicial system.