The Relationship Among Childhood Trauma，Personality Vulnerability To Depression And Depression

Objective: To explore the impacts of childhood trauma on depression, and the mediating effects of personality vulnerability to depression.Methods: A total of 1500 undergraduates were surveyed with the Childhood Trauma Experience Rating Scale, the Questionnaire Chinese Personality Vulnerability to Depression and Self-rating depression scale. A total of 312 undergraduates who had childhood trauma were screened out from the scales.Result:(1) The results indicate that male university students have higher score than female university students in physical abuse, physical neglect, emotional abuse and sex abuse. There is significant difference between the male and the female in physical abuse, physical neglect, emotional abuse and sex abuse, t=2.11~3.51, p<0.05, but there is no significance between male and female in emotional neglect and bad home environment.(2) The scores of all factors of childhood trauma are positively correlated with depression, r=0.34~0.47, P<0.01, but only three factors, emotional abuse, physical neglect and sex abuse, can predict the depression significantly. A 26% variance of depression could be explained by emotional abuse, physical neglect and sex abuse.(3) Four kinds of the personality vulnerability to depression(emulousness, defensiveness, self-absorption, compliance) are positively correlated with the childhood trauma, r=0.28~0.57, p<0.01, but perfectionism is not correlated with the childhood trauma.(4) The factors that are emulousness, defensiveness, self-absorption, compliance are positively correlated with the depression. r=0.27~0.45, p<0.001, but perfectionism is not correlated with the depression. The compliance is more powerful to predict the depression, and can explain 20% variance of the depression.(5) The childhood trauma and the personality vulnerability to depression are positively correlated with depression. R=0.34~0.47, p<0.01. The childhood trauma and the personality vulnerability to depression can predict depression significantly. They can explain 27% variance of depression.(6) The childhood trauma, emulousness, compliance, self-absorption and defensiveness are used as predictor variable, depression as dependent variable. The depression is predicted by using simultaneous regression method. The model is significant. F(5,310) =25.88, p<0.001. The effect of childhood trauma on depression were partially mediated by self-absorption, and the mediating effects accounted for 29.7% of the total effects.Conclusion:(1) There is significant difference between male university students and female in the childhood trauma, but six kinds of the childhood trauma were not the same as significant difference. There is significant difference between male university students and female in physical abuse, physical neglect, emotional abuse and sex abuse. There is no significant difference between male and female in emotional neglect and bad home environment. There is no significant difference between male and female in the personality vulnerability to depression, but there are not same about significant difference in six factors of the personality vulnerability. There is significant difference between male and female in defensiveness and self-absorption, and no significant difference in emulousness, perfectionism and compliance. There is no significant difference between male and female in the depression.(2) There is no significant difference about birth place, one child, family income in the childhood trauma, the personality vulnerability to depression, the depression.(3) The childhood trauma is positively correlated with the depression significantly. Three factors of the childhood trauma(emotional abuse, physical neglect and sex abuse) significantly predict the depression.(4) Emulousness, defensiveness, self-absorption and compliance are positively correlated with the childhood trauma, but the perfectionism is not correlated significantly with the childhood trauma.(5) The personality vulnerability to depression is positively correlated with the depression. The self-absorption can predict the depression effectively.(6) Childhood trauma and the personality vulnerability to depression are important factors of depression. Furthermore, the personality vulnerability to depression mediates the effects of childhood trauma and depression.