The Reasons For The Deline Of The Peng Cheng Ceramic Duing 1912-1937

Cizhou ceramic is mainly based on firing those which have white ceramic vessel and black pattern, and it isoutstanding in civil society of Song Dynasty. Because it has beautiful decoration that loved by people, having a great significance on different area,formed a set of Cizhou ceramics. Among a set of Cizhou ceramics, Cizhou ceramic has the most famous reputation and the longest history.With the long-term Investigating and digging, ceramic sites which is discovered mainly distribute two places: the one is around Guantai town, the other is around Pengcheng town. Ceramic of Guantai is the most representative, the species of Guantai ceramic can be said to has all kinds of Cizhou ceramics. In the end of Yuan Dynasty, Guantai ceramic sunk into a decline. Most ceramic works move to Pengcheng, making Pengcheng ceramic becoming the only firing center. To rely on Pengcheng ceramic high production, different styles and more sales, it won the reputation that saying, Thousand miles Pengcheng to earn enough gold everyday and the southern has Jingde, as the northern has Pengcheng. later, with the ceramic sites closed increasing, products from quantity to quality is also declining. Although sometimes ups and downs,it can’t get former glory. This passage selects the period that from the Late Qing Dynasty to Anti-Japanese War, exploring the reason why Pengcheng ceramic is be on the wane. From internal improvement and external, using history and sociology theories and methods, discussing the Republic of China within a small area’s small- scale peasant economy’s waning.In terms of famine, such as flood in 1917,drought in 1920, locust plague in 1922,were hard hit Pengcheng ceramic directly. Many ceramic owners and their workers move to other places because of many wars. Goods instead of salary declined making mode of financing has been limited. Although the late qing government, nanking national government and local potter were trying to promote Cizhou ceramic, finally they failed.Foreign ceramic and domestic new ceramic occupied subtle ceramic market, Cizhou ceramic is deeply influenced by outside and inside at the same time, but it still stagnated in the traditional track. Using stereotyped and facile old-fashioned tools, it dropped back into to produce daily civilian porcelain wares ceramics. Poor quality products, varieties drab, production decline and many traditional technology lost gradually, these are the roots cause of stagnation of ceramic production today. Before the anti-Japanese war Pengcheng ceramic falling and falling again, became the most chaotic and the most run-down period in the ceramic history.