A Study On The Famine Relief In Xiangxi During The Period Of The Republic Of China

Natural disasters have been happening frequently in recent years, the study of disaster relief draws attention to the government and the society.Xiangxi famine happen frequently since ancient times, and its strategic location is very important, in the boundary of Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, and Guizhou, Xiangxi, is the only way from the central region to the southwest.In the period of the Republic of China,and Xiangxi was the main channel of the southwestern national government to retreat in the Anti-Japanese war, so the famine relief studies appear representative. Taking Xiangxi disaster relief during the period of the republic of China as the research object, the article integrates the theory and method in history, sociology, ethnology and other disciplines, summarizes the causes and social impact to the general situation of the natural disasters in Xiangxi famine during the period of the republic of China, focuses on the procedures of the Xiangxi famine relief measures the government and civil society forces takes, evaluate and reflect the Xiangxi famine relief during the period of the Republic of China, points out the shortage and reference of Xiangxi famine relief during the period of the Republic of China, summarize up the experience of the its disaster relief for the future.Xiangxi famine relief measures during the period of the Republic of China contains many factors of modernization.The government set up many relief agencies and promulgated relevant laws, provided institutional guarantee for famine relief measures to be implemented and initially formed more specialized administrative system for disaster relief, changed the traditional single relief way and adopted a series of positive relief disaster preparedness measures,reduced the loss caused by famine to a certain extent.But due to the limitation of economic development level, the lack of effective organization and coordination, the government of the Period of the Republic of China takes the famine relief policies did not achieve full relief effect. In famine relief activities, civil society power also play an important role,making active interaction to government disaster, addition to the government disaster relief. In this paper, it is concluded that the historical revelation has a great significance for today’s disaster relief, the government should promote and folk social forces to participate in disaster relief,regulate coordination by institutionalized means, establish supervision system,guide the civil social forces to participate in disaster relief effectively, organize disaster relief and disaster prevention scientifically, form a cooperation complementary relationship in disaster relief between folk social forces and government, promote the relief of disaster prevention system to further improve.