The Gentleman And The Gentleman Culture Of The Spring And Autumn Period

"Gentleman" concept has always been China’s traditional society, a concept of ideal personality is one of the most important, the word "gentleman", since its birth until the late spring and Autumn period, its connotation is in an evolving process, until the Confucius period, the connotation of the concept of the basic shape in Confucius hands, then in the development history of nearly two thousand years of China, "the evolution of the concept of the gentleman" is a word that has never happened a qualitative change. The spring and Autumn period is the modern sense of the concept of "gentleman" period, a critical period in the spring and Autumn period is also a "gentleman" to complete the transformation of its connotation. In the spring and Autumn period, the concept of "gentleman" what happened a what kind of change? This process of change is a change in how the process? The concept of "gentleman" why such an abrupt change occurred in the spring and Autumn period at all this time? The changes in the end with what kind of requirements at the time of the ideas of the people?The author thinks that in the Shang and Zhou to spring and autumn, "the gentleman" one word is first along a natural extension of word meaning evolution direction of unconscious development, therefore, has been to the early spring and Autumn period, the concept of "gentleman" of the word refers to the top from the ruling class has been expanding its class connotation, expanding its refer to range, until its scope covers to the whole of the nobility. At the same time as the ruling class rule techniques continue to mature, "gentleman" connotation first began to expand in the direction of political wisdom, then the moral attribute content more and more. To the spring and Autumn period, along with the social change suddenly began to exhibit violent tendency, personal, family and social status in the drastic changes in the ups and downs sharply, "high bank as the valley, great change" has become one of the main characteristics of social strata fluctuations in this period of change. Among the many better educated aristocratic gentleman night becoming a commoner, slaves, ethnic origin is not high "villain" in this period, or by personal ability, or by virtue of the monarch, or by virtue of appreciation Qu Mei way to pander to leap the ruling class, became the aristocracy. This time both the "social status attribute gentleman" group, the social status of property or its corresponding "villain" groups become blurred, and the moral attribute is becoming increasingly clear up. Coupled with the decline of the ruling class, the ruling class culture began to be gradually break the monopoly position, "Li lost to resort to wild" phenomenon gradually spread, the ruling class of the so-called sense of moral superiority, cultural superiority is gradually outstanding civilians who are catching up. This time a new definition of "gentleman" connotation of rising, "the moral connotation of gentleman" is a word of the dominant position gradually replaced the connotation of social status, be to judge whether a person is a gentleman’s key. "Gentleman" is a word in the connotation, began to develop in the direction of change, to Confucius period, connotation of "gentleman" in the moral level completely replace the connotation of the social class aspect, become the primary factor to define whether a gentleman.Despite the political attribute of a gentleman with the villain, the spring and Autumn period is becoming blurred, moral attribute is increasingly clear, and the moral attribute more to replace its political attribute become to judge whether a person is dominant on the basis of a gentleman. But the gentleman people moral attribute the rise, after all, is more that of the ruling class ruling means constantly sum up mature to the ruling class based on summarizing rule method results. In other words, is the moral attribute gentleman group generated by itself, is better for the ruling class of the rule service. Thus we can find from the literature, in the spring and Autumn period, although social status attribute gentleman group itself is sinking, but his political philosophy and moral claims has always been the mainstream in the ruling class rule rule rule thought and art.To the late spring and Autumn period, with the further drastic society change, Zhou Dai’s music system more serious recession, overstepping the ritual and even moral situation began to focus on the burst in this period, all kinds of evils run amuck in society. At this time the society who are familiar with the traditional literature has have farsightedness judgments, the outstanding elements, in order to change the prevailing social conditions to restore music, order, or under the guise of "gentleman", or the re definition of "gentleman" content "gentleman", continue to give a variety of specific moral personality connotation aspect content, a set of covers politics morality hand, cultural literacy, personal moral accomplishment and other aspects of the "gentleman culture" begins to settle in this period. "Gentleman" who from the beginning of the reign of the administration of specific changes to the guiding policy of the role, "center of gravity" gentleman "connotation from the grasp of political unification" turn to become master of the "Confucian orthodoxy". In the spring and Autumn "gentleman culture" the final setting of maturity is a major feature of Chinese traditional ideal personality began to mature, it is later China’s Confucian "harbinger and source of the superior man", not only has a profound effect on the later Confucianism, has profound effect on shaping our future generations of national spirit.