The Study Of Special Word-order In Pre-Qin Period Chinese By The Focus Theory

Special word-order, it is a special grammar phenomenon in ancient Chinese. Compared with the stable syntactic rules in the same time, special word-order is typical and flexibility. To a certain extent, it reflects the grammar system of Pre-Qin period, having great research value.The paper has four chapters. At the beginning of the present paper, we defined what is special word-order, unified the use appellation of special word-order, determined the term is "pre and after", classified special word-order clearly, explained the method of classification and reason. Then we introduced research results of focus theory in china and abroad. Based on this, we put forward suitable focus theory for the Pre-Qin period Chinese. The second chapter we generalized the four categories of special word-order respectively. Pre-predicate mainly existed in exclamatory and interrogative sentences; Pre-object existed in question, negative and positive sentences. That contains prepositional object pronoun and noun, pronoun can move directly, the noun move by a certain grammatical mean. After-attributive and After-adverbial mainly existed in the statement sentence, the former is given priority to with "Zhe" structure, the latter is composed of the preposition structure. At the same time we must carefully identified and ruled out non special word-order form. The third chapter is the main content of this article. Focus will be divided into two categories, structure focus and information focus. We studied these two kinds of focus are presented in four categories, and researched these focus overlap or not. We explained the nature of "Wei, Shi, Zhi" in the Pre-object. The fourth chapter discussed factors which affecting the formation of Pre-Qin period Chinese special word-order. Its causes are the choice of focus, characteristics of Chinese vocabulary and Chinese grammatical structure. Through this study, we can have a more comprehensive and accurate understanding with special word-order for the Pre-Qin period Chinese.