A Analysis On The Errors Of Preposition Gei(给)in Application For Foreign Students

The preposition "Gei (给)”is a function word which is often used by foreign students with a higher rate of errors. In this paper, the author systematically study on the errors phenomenon of prepositions "Gei" in application based on a large number of data about application errors of preposition "Gei",which are collected from Interlanguage Corpus.The main contents include the following aspects:The application errors of preposition "Gei" by foreign students are divided into six basic types, which are respectively:prepositions omission, prepositions redundant, mixed uses of prepositions, improper word order, prepositions abuse and compound errors. Each basic types of errors can be subdivided into specific categories. Prepositions omission can be divided into:verb omission in the structure of "(Gei+N)+V" and "V+Gei". The mixed uses of prepositions can be divided into mixed use with the prepositions of "Dui","Gen" and "Xiang".Thereafter, this paper conducted a statistical analysis of these data from two aspects:namely, Chinese learning level at the primary, intermediate and advanced stages, and different native language backgrounds of foreign students. It was found that the error rate is higher for mixture use of the preposition "Gei", verb omission in the configuration of "(Gei+N)+V" and the positional relationship between the structure of "Gei N" and the predicate focus word for foreign students.The reasons of application errors for preposition "Gei" are summed up five aspects which include:negative transfer of mother tongue (in English, for example), negative transfer in the target language, learning strategies, simplified policies and the effects of educational materials. For the reason of negative transfer of mother tongue, this paper focuses on the influence of negative transfer of verb-object rule, preposition configuration and syntax sequence of mother tongue. Negative transfer of the target language is mainly reflected in several ways:structural generalization of "V+Gei" and "(Gei+N)+V", mixed uses of similar prepositions and negative transfer of the target language learning sequence.According to application errors of preposition "Gei" for foreign students, the solutions are proposed in this paper based on two aspects of related ontology research of preposition "Gei" and its distribution in elementary Chinese textbooks for foreign students. Among them, the suggestions associated with the ontology research include:strengthen discrimination of synonyms related to preposition "Gei", attach importance to syntactic position of "Gei N" structure and figure out the difference between the verb "Gei" and the preposition "Gei", and so on.