The Scale Devolopment Of The Elderly Sense Of Nostalgia

Nostalgia is a aprocess which aroused from one’s past experience consciously or unconsciously.In this study, the emotional experience by nostalgia is defined for the sense of nostalgia, we based on the old’s snese of nostalgia and nostalgia, and referenced about nostalgia and emotion studies at home and abroad, using the method of standardized scale to devepment a questionnaire for the elderly to measure the sense of nostalgia.The elderly sense of nostalgia scale establishment mainly includes the following steps.(1)The elderly sense of nostalgia in-depth interview and process the interview data and design the scale items.First,we interviewed20old from some communities of Tianjin. Seccond according to the research method of qualitative material, using the coding principles of grounded theory to code interview data and including level coding and secondary coding.Thirdly,according to the coding result as well as the reference of nostalgia and emotional related research results and existing scale at home and abroad, then preliminarily determined the elderly nostalgia dimensions for positive nostalgia and negative nostalgia, and developed50items.In the end listened to experts’opinions to cut, modify the items and form a pre-test questionnaire which includes20items.(3)Pre-test questionnaire and improve questionnaire.We distributed370questionnaires to part of the communities and the nursing home for the aged in Tianjin, the recovery rate was93%, and recycle questionnaire of the effective rate was88%.After exploratory factor analysis was carried out on the pre-test data, according to the statistical indicators to delete inappropriate four items in the questionnaire, there are16items left,9positive nostalgia items and seven negative items.(4)The formal questionnaire data collection and test reliability and validity.We distributed700questionnaires to part of the communities in Tianjin, the recovery rate was91.4%, and recycle questionnaire of the effective rate was87.3%.Reliability test to choose the formal measured by611old people were analyzed, and finally determine the scale Cronbach alpha coefficient is0.597, half reliability is0.712.The criterion vality with Southampton nostalgic scale is0.195,The criterion vality with the emotional dimension of The Chinese elderly mental health scale is0.325.Then we get the following conclusions:(1) the results basically support a theory hypothesis of nostalgia in the elderly and can reflect the whole picture the sense of nostalgia of the elderly;(2) the sense of nostalgia scale for the oldly consists of16items and can be divided into positive nostalgia and negative nostalgia dimension, positive snese of nostalgic including9items, negative sense of nostalgia including7items;(3) the results of the study has a good reliability and validity, this scale can be used for the elderly mental health research.