The Evaluation Of New Kantianism’s Social History Theory

At the end of the19th century,the development of the productivity improved constantly. Capitalism changed from free competition to monopoly.With the economic problems,the contradiction of capitalist society became increasingly difficult. People gradually began to criticize and reflect on reason and science to restore man’s subject status and dignity. They made great efforts to explore the value and significance of people.New Kantianism, a philosophy ideological trend,appeared in this period and was widely popular in Germany. It also had important social influence in other countries.New Kantianism explained Kant’s philosophy according to the new development of science and technology to set up their own theoretical system.The most representative were of Marburg school and Freiburg school.New Kantianism made Kant’s philosophy thriving again.lt saved the recession of idealism and provided the captitalist class with a powerful ideological weapon.The New Kantianism’s social history theory is based on the historical idealism including Langer’s transcendental psychology, Marburg school’s transcendental logic and Freiburg school’s theory of transcendental subjectFirst of all, the social history theory has its own scientific characteristics as a specific science.lt is the opposite of natural science.lt is also objective and lawful to its existence.The social and historical events as the object also have their own characteristics.Due to the independence of social and historical events, the development of social history is not regular.New Kantianism introduces value to the research of social history. Value is the only meaning of historical events,because historical events is to describe the meaning of value. New Kantianism thinks moral principle is the only criterion of social developmentNew Kantianism emphasizes man as the social history subject can’t be ignored its own subjectivity.Not only that, person also has will and creativiry.Finally, New Kantianism thinks that the principle of social and historical development is moral determinism and the ethical socialism is the form of social and historical evolution eventually.Kant’s ethics thought is the theoretical basis of ethical socialism.Kant’s concept of "absolute command" confirms the moral consciousness plays a decisive role in the social and historical development.Socialism is Kant’s idea of the "other side" with the universal moral principles as personal code of conductSocialism is the movement of seeking morality eternal.In this article, through the text interpretation of history and logic, the unity of theory and practice method, we make a concrete analysis of new Kantianism’s social history theory from the era background, main contents and historical influence and clearly expound the development of this theory. To research new Kant’s social history theory and grasp the principles underlying the development of social history, has important significance for us in the present that how to have a correct understanding of Marxism and to guide the construction of Chinese characteristic socialist road.