Toynbee Hall Of London (1884-1914)

During 1884-1914, the former prosperity and glory of Britain was concealed by lots of serious social problems, especially the problems such as poverty, unemployment being very serious, meanwhile more and more serious the gap between rich and poor and class antagonism made Britain a "decline". In the heart of British, London, also appeared the serious problem. Replaced Manchester, East End became a typical representative of the British slums. However, "liberal" as the core and composed of self-help, mutual aid and The Poor Law, the system of relief o fthe poor was unable to cope with the severe social problem, making the whole British society be in a state of a kind of high risk.The government’s slow response couldn’t not the reaction of the whole Britain, especially the folk force. Many the researchers of famous social problems had to try to save their country. Numerous attempts, university settlement of the group of the broad church was the most significant. Long-term practice of university settlement, made Barnett gradually form a set of complete system of ideal of university settlement. From the ideological and cultural aspects and through private channels, the superior social workers want to realize the relation and interaction between different classes to ease the weakening and class antagonism to solve social problems in order to eliminate social crisis and finally realize the regeneration of the society.In the guidance of this concept and headed by Barnett, the superior social workers formed the world’s first hall of university settlement-Toynbee hall, carrying out a massive settlement activities.1900 being boundary point of thirty years’ activities, the former focused on educational activities, the latter centered on social problems. It had a important effect on the superior social workers and recipients, had a profound influence on the British welfare system, made the social work gradually become an important industry and provides important clues for the development of the community.