The Research On Trait Components、Questionnaire And Development Trend Of Resilience

In daily life, it,s easy to see the same pressure would lead to diversity result by different individuals. When people suffered pressure or frustration, someone indulge in it and result psychological or behavioral problems, in contrast, the others recover from the pressure or even be better than before. Researcher introduce the concept of resilience to study the phenomenon of individuals who become better when suffered frustration. In almost forty years since the resilience was put forward, researchers have done a lot on the concept, protective factors, mechanism and assessment scale, the results varied.This study based on resilience literature review and stress coping model, build resilience cognitive model and compiling the questionnaire on this model and explore its development characteristics. This study included four parts, The first part used half-open questionnaire to verify the proposed dimensions of resilience trait. The second part according to the pre-survey prepared the initial questionnaire of resilience, used item analysis and exploratory factor analysis method to delete the items and finally formed the formal questionnaire of resilience. The third part tested the reliability and validity of the resilience questionnaire. The forth part investigate the development characteristics of resilience from junior high school students to college students. The main conclusions of the study are as follows:(1) Resilience is a multi-dimension structure internal psychological trait, including the positive cognition, seeking help, experience, objective cognitive,problem solving orientation, perseverance and planning, self-efficacy and emotion management ability.(2) The resilience questionnaire based on the psychological cognitive model has good internal consistency reliability, split half reliability, test-retest reliability, content validity, construct validity and criterion related validity, all this meet the requirement of psychometrics.(3) Resilience is a trait that develop and change across age. Along with the growth of the age, psychological resilience score had a significant growth. The dimensions of positive cognitive, perseverance and planning, objective cognitive, seeking help, experience, problem solving orientation have significant changes, while there was no significant difference of self-efficacy, emotions management.