| China stands in the world, there must be its unique enthnic spirit that different from the other nations, and the profound characterization of this unique national spirit is the culture. Culture is the reposing and expression of the national spirit, and the identity and inheriting of the Chinese culture, achievements of the Chinese descendants’ethnic identity and national pride. The revitalization or neglect of culture, related to the rising or falling of a nation, and the survival of a enthnic group, which has far-reaching influence. As the most important composition factor affecting the public culture, public culture policy is becoming an important part of national governance and social governance, and increasingly highlight its necessity for investigating and its value of researching. In general, public culture policy refers to organs of state power, political parties and other political organizations, under the historical and national conditions within a certain time, in the authority form of a standardized prescribed, the common goal of culture that should be reached, promote public cultural undertakings should follow principles of action, a clear mandate of public cultural undertakings required to be accomplished, the development of public cultural undertakings to implement the work, step measures, overview, it can be understood as a collection of political organization advocates for public culture.Historically, the Nanjing National government, as a state power in modern transition period, the modern organizational form of state power and governance, along with many administrative measures and performance of its duties of the supply and the adjustment of public cultural policies and public cultural services, and the policy historical practice of initial public cultural, is bring some paradigm and thinking for reference for now. In particular, from1927to1937, this decade was a relatively stable period during the reign of the Kuomintang regime in the mainland of China, as the nascent Nanjing National Government, it is a decade of seeking for the development, and strive to consolidate. This decade, a sense, it can be said that public cultural policy in mainland China entered the initial stage of the regime of practice.Based on the preliminary clarify of the related concepts and scope, this article concentrate on the Nanjing National Government (1927-1937), firstly overview the historical background of the related culture and policies cultural services which contributes to promote the associated social environment, analysis the political situation, economic construction activity, cultural environment changing in which the authority stands. Then, focus on the content structure of the Nanjing National Government to sort out public cultural policy:First, the guiding ideology for developing public culture policy, including "the Prime Minister teachings,""Three People’s Principles", etc.; Second, the related organizations of developing public culture policy; Third, the enactment of laws and regulations related to public culture; Fourth, formulating the planning, outline and program of public culture’s development; Fifth, the implementation of specific initiatives related to public culture, explore policy initiatives in folk customs, education, languages, publishing, journalism, broadcasting industry, film industry, sports, public venues and facilities, theater music and arts and other specific areas of public culture; Six, the construction of public cultural facilities. Based on the foregoing, then next, we further analysis of the historical evaluation of the Nanjing National Government public cultural policies, which separately from the four aspects as the brief analysis of characteristics, positive significances, negative limitations and enlightenment significances. |
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