A Study Of "Tian Xia Yi Tong, Hua Yi Yi Jia" Of Qing Shizong And Its Practice In The Frontier

As an important part of traditional concept,“Hua Yi Zhi Bian” was always existedin the official consciousness of Confucianism, which was continuously reinforced withminority nationalities’ invasion. Under the influence of the traditional “Hua Yi Zhi Bian”,most central dynasties were difficult to break through the artificial boundaries of “Hua”and “Yi”. To some extent, this kind of psychological inertia led to a result that thedominators of central dynasties were often incomplete in solving the problem of thefrontier. They tended to have looser policy. But in essence, the negative part ofConfucianism of was strictly distinguish between “Hua” and “Yi”, both inside andoutside, which was harmful to national pattern of diversity in unity and its formation anddevelopment. As an ethnic minority, the Qing dynasty dominated China two hundred andsixty-eight years, attributed to abandoning the old saying about the distinctions ofChinese and the barbarians, and constructing different kinds of nations’ territory pattern.Qing Shizong persisted in the Confucianism, against country’s division and separatist,and chose and identified the traditional thought of “Hua” and “Yi”, cleared therelationship between Han and the other ethnic groups in concept. Around the Dayijuemilu,Qing Shizong put the “Hua” and “Yi” into the Great Unification Concept, stated his“Tian Xia Yi Tong, Hua Yi Yi Jia” in detail and carried on a series of border practice.This paper discusses the thought of “Tian Xia Yi Tong, Hua Yi Yi Jia” of Qing Shizongas well as its application to border practice.This paper is made up of three parts as follow:The first part mainly talks about the opportunity of Qing Shizong’s concept of “TianXia Yi Tong, Hua Yi Yi Jia” and its profound historical background. Which is mainlydiscuss the change of the concept of “Hua” and “Yi” in history and the opportunity ofQing Shizong stated the concept of “Tian Xia Yi Tong, Hua Yi Yi Jia”——the case ofZeng Jing and Lv Liuliang, especially Zeng Jing and Lv Liuliang’s thought of “Hua” and“Yi” and Qing Shizong published “Dayijuemilu” and stated “Tian Xia Yi Tong, Hua YiYi Jia” with it.The second part concentrates on the concept of “Tian Xia Yi Tong, Hua Yi Yi Jia” of the Qing Shizong. Firstly, it talks about the specific content about “Tian Xia Yi Tong,Hua Yi Yi Jia” concept of Qing Shizong, which consists of three aspects: the concept of“Hua Yi Yi Jia”,“different ethnic groups mix together and the inside and outsidebecome a unity”,“the monarch and his subjects’ positioning is beyond the distinction ofHuayi. And then we comment the concept as the basis of above.The third part is about the practice of the concept of “Tian Xia Yi Tong, Hua Yi YiJia”of Qing Shizong in the frontier, combine the concept and the border practice. Thepart mainly talks about pacifying the rebellion of Luobuzangdanjin and the establishmentof the minister of handling affairs in Qinghai, pacifying the rebellion of Aerbuba and setup the resident minister in Xizang, doing “Gai tu gui liu” in southwest and so on.At last, the paper comments the “Tian Xia Yi Tong, Hua Yi Yi Jia” Concept of QingShizong and its practice in the frontier and researches the positive and negative effect. Onone hand, its significance beyond the progress is the mainstream; on the other hand, wehave to realize its negative impacts.