Analysis Of Hengshan Buddhism And Taoism In Northern And Southern Dynasties

Hengshan is located in Hunan province, and it is China’s famous religious shrines. Ever since the Wei,Jin,Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Buddhism and Taoism have been coexisted and developed in Hengshan for over1,700years.The thesis is composed of four chapters. The first chapter of the article is based on the historical background of the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and studied the generation of the Buddhism and Taoism in China as well as the development of the above-mentioned two religions in Hunan area. During that period, the regime changed frequently, and wars were everywhere at the same time, meanwhile, ethnics integrated with each other and diversified cultures emerged. In terms of Buddhism, due to the fact that Hunan was far away from the then political center and the spread route of the Buddhism inthe Jin Dynasties period, Buddhism has not yet generated widespread influence in Hunan and Southern Mountain region. But still, Shi Huiyuan built Ping Shan Temple in Wuling. Untilthe Northern and Southern Dynasties, Buddhism became popular, and Yuelushan and Hengshan were the two Buddhism centers in Hunan. While affected by multiple social sources, the Taoism came into being and developed rapidly. With the movement of "Northern people went to the South, and Sichuan people came to Hunan", Taoism quickly spread to the neighboring Hunan province. Thus, when it was late Han Dynasty, there were already stories about cultivation of immortality by Taoist priest in Guiyang, Hunan. The myths and legends about Taoism were also widely spread out in Hunan province. However, the pattern of civilian Taoism began its differentiation in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Taoism became popular in upper layer. Those Taoist priest who were originally intelligentsias bond with each other as social climbers, they formed Shangqing, Lingbao Taoist sects and so on.The second chapter analyzes the reasons of Southern and Northern Dynasties Buddhism and Taoism gradually developed in the Hengshan. There are three factors, the first one is Hunan and Hengshan had ancient folk customs. Including traditional spirits, fairy tales,alchemist alchemy, and Hengshan inherent primitive religion. These provide favorable conditions for the development of Taoism and Buddhism in Hengshan. Secondly, since Wei,Jin,Northern and Southern Dynasties, liberal political environment led to Buddhism and Taoism have a very good development. These are reflected in where there fewer wars, and has a stable social order. Coupled with the politicians treated Buddhism and Taoism compatible. The third is that since Wei,Jin,Northern and Southern Dynasties, the atmosphere shrouded in metaphysical. As we all known that metaphysics originally evolved from Taoist Thought, so he has a natural link with Taoism. Buddhist Prajna was influenced by metaphysics equally.The third chapter is the focus of this paper, focuses on the development of Buddhism and Taoism in Southern and Northern Dynasties in Hengshan. Haiyin is the first monk lived and preached Budda dharma in Hengshan. After he, Huihai and Xidun came to Hengshan as well as Yin. But Buddhism began to flourish and development in Hengshan is derived from the arrival of Huisi. During the10years in Hengshan, Si Built Fu Yan Temple, Banruo Temple and Shan Guo Temple. He created his own sect, practiced Fahua samadhi, teached "three insights in one thought" to Zhizhe master. All of these laid a solid foundation of Tiantai sect. The development of Taoism in Hengshan is two hundred years earlier than Buddhism. Many hermits were lived in Hengshan, and there are a lot of fairy stories circulated about Taoism. The "Nine Taoist priest in Hengshan" appearance, making the Southern Mountain Taoism formed a "group" type of power, expanding the Southern Mountain Taoism in Hunan province, and even in the country’s influence. Ms. Wei and founded the supernatant faction gradually became the main factions of Taoism. After the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Buddhism and Taoism continue to influence Hengshan, many Taoist priest and monks choose to live here.The fourth chapter is the focus of this paper which discusses how the integration from Hengshan struggle toward Buddhism and Taoism. Unlike the political conflict of north and even violent, Buddhist way of Hengshan region to fight the dispute is based on argumentation. One of the famous Song Wendi years have occurred in the Southern Mountain region, Hengyang Prefecture and seclusion Mountain Buddhist lay Zong Bing debate about which one is better between Buddhism and Taoism. There is also debate about the theory of foreign barbarians. Since Huisi Masters in Hengshan, he ordered himself to promote the integration of Buddhism and Taoism and through a variety of ways to deal with the relationship between Buddhism and Taoism. Finally, this chapter analyzes the reseasons why Hengshan can finally moving toward integration. Commonality is the basis of the theoretical results. Mutuality of interests is the fundamental conclusion.