| ObjectiveIn order to evaluate the nutritional value about "shuangkangl2-5" corn, and phytase corn, this paper will do the research by four experiments: primary nutrition ingredient analysis, protein efficacy ratio experiment in rats, digestion and metabolism in miniature pigs;In addition to the above three research, to evaluate the effect of calcium & phosphate digestion of phytase maize,compare the different dose phytase maize addition to commercial microbial phytase in low phosphorus diet feeding miniature pigs.Materials and methods1. The analysis of main nutrientsAnalyze the macro nutrients, minerals, vitamins, amino acids between "shuangkang 12-5" corn and 958 corn,phytase corn、parental corn、958 corn,and compare the difference between them.2. Protein efficiency ratio experimentBased on the Agriculture ministry announcement no.2031-15-2013 <<transgenic organisms and their products food safety testing protein efficiency ratio test>>, to assess the quality of protein about "shuangkang12-5" corn and phytase corn. Based on the principle of feeding largest mixing ratio with corn and making each group of protein content up to 10%. Early weanling SD rats were chosen to adapt in the clean animal room for five days,then randomly divided into corresponding groups.When the experiment began,the rats were fed in single cage, weighed 1 times a week, and meanwhile, we need to calculate the food intake by weighing how much to eat,how much to scatter and remain 3 times a week.we were watching the condition of rats in the whole experiment process. When the experiment ended, we dissect rats,and take 2 tube from abdominal aorta for blood routine test and blood biochemistry test, finally calculate the PER through the weight and intake.3. Main nutrient digestion and metabolism experiment in miniature pigs8 Miniature pigs weighing about 30-35 kg were fed in the metabolic cage for 7 days before surgery.Then no food to feed for 36 hours, no water for 12 hours, then place T fistula between ileum and cecum junction and openings in the body. After 2 weeks,6 good Miniature pigs were chosen to do the experiments.Using the chromium trioxide as indicator,5% casein as control group to determine the source of amino acids. Using Latin square design, each group has one repeat, and "shuangkang 12-5" for 3 phases, phytase corn for 4 phases. Each phrase, firstly, to adapt for 6 days, collect dung for 2 days, collect digesta for 3 days, and then mix the excrement and digesta for lyophilization, and mix these sample by 20 mesh mixer blender. Chyme measurement indicators are mainly 18 kinds of amino acids and carbohydrate, protein, fat; fecal indicators including carbohydrates, protein, fat and mineral elements.4. The test about calcium&phosphorus utilization rate of phytase corn6 Miniature pigs fed 6 different feed :the first group,no phytase conK no commercial phytase from Aspergillus niger; the second group,no phytase corn、no commercial phytase, one third of inorganic phosphorus addition,the third group,Phytase activity from phytase corn reached 500 FTU/kg,one third of inorganic phosphorus addition;the fouth group,Phytase activity from phytase corn reached 1000 FTU/kg,one third of inorganic phosphorus addition;the fifth group, Phytase activity from phytase corn reached 5000 FTU/kg,one third of inorganic phosphorus addition;the sixth group, Phytase activity from Aspergillus nige reached 500FTU/kg,one third of inorganic phosphorus addition;Overlapping feeding 6 periods;Each adapted to six days, and collected excrement 2 days, then freeze drying, the determination of phosphorus of the faeces and computing the digestion rate calcium & phosphorus.Results1. The analysis of main nutrientsThe nutrients composition of "shuangkangl2-5" corn and 958 corn, are all in the normal range in the OECD corn, so they are accord with substantial equivalence.Phytase maize nutrition ingredient has a tiny difference than convential corn and 958 corn in macro nutrients, vitamins, minerals, amino acidsl, but are within the scope of the OECD’s reference.so they can be thought as substantial equivalence.2. Protein efficiency ratio experimentWith 958 corn for comparison,"shuangkangl2-5"corn has no statistical differences about protein efficacy ratio (P≥0.05); With parental corn and 958 corn for comparison, phytase has no statistical differences about protein efficacy ratio (P≥0.05).3. Main nutrient digestion and metabolism experiment in Miniature pigsThe true digestibility of ileal amino acids except for tyrosine showed there is no statistical differences between (P>0.05) "shuangkang 12-5"corn and 958 com;compared with parents and 958 com,phytase maize TPY002 lysine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, serine, alanine true digestibility was statistically difference (P< 0.05), and higher than parent and 958 com.The first limiting amino acid "shuangkang 12-5"corn and 958 com is lysine, Corrected amino acid score are 39 and 37 respectively, the first limiting amino acid of phytase TPY002, parent com,958 com is lysine, com corrected amino acid score of 43,42,42 respectively,"shuangkang 12-5" com and 958 com, digestion rate of protein, carbohydrate and fat,regardless of the gut, ileum, have no statistical difference (p≥0.05), digestibility rate of phytase maize TPY002, parent com,958 com of protein, carbohydrate, fat, phosphorus, regardless of the bowel, ileum, have no statistical difference (p>0.05).4. The test about calcium&phosphorus utilization rate of phytase cornCompared with the other groups,the digestibility rate of calcium /phosphorus of the second control group has statistically difference (p< 0.05), no statistical differences in the other groups (p>0.05).Greater than 500 KTU/kg of phytase maize addtion, can reduce 1/3 amount of inorganic phosphorus.Conlusions1. The analysis of main nutrients"shuangkang 12-5" com nutrient composition and 958 maize nutrition were in line with substantial equivalence. In addition to the phytic acid phosphorus content,phytase maize TPY002, TPY003, parent,958 com, other nutrients were in line with substantial equivalence.Phytase maize TPY002, TPY003 phytic acid phosphorus content decreased significantly.2. Protein efficiency ratio experimentProtein efficiency ratio of "shuangkang 12-5" corn of were equal to 958 corn group;Protein efficiency ratio of phytase maize TPY002, TPY003 were equal to the parental controls,958 maize.3. Main nutrient digestion and metabolism experiment in miniature pigsExcept for tyrosine, compared with 958 corn,amino acid digestibility rate of "shuangkang 12-5" corn were equivalent; true digestion rate of phytase maize TPY002,such as lysine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine and serine, alanine were higher than parent,958 maize single group.Amino acid score "shuangkang 12-5" corn,958 corn n phytase corn TPY002 group, phytase corn TPY003 group、the parent group,958 corn, first limiting amino acid were lysine;"shuangkang 12-5" corn and 958 corn, whether the gut or ileum, digestion rate of the protein, carbohydrate and fat were equivalent;Phytase maize TPY002, parent,958 corn whether the gut or ileum, digestion rate of the protein, carbohydrate and fat were equivalent.4. The test about calcium&phosphorus utilization rate of phytase corn500 FTU/kg phytase maize and phytase activity from the aspergillus Niger were the same.Greater than 500 FTU/kg corn addition can reduce 1/3 content of inorganic phosphorus,Phytase maize can make calcium /phosphorus apparent digestibility rate increase, at the same time, reduce the excretion of phosphorus, advoid the pollution to the environment. |
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