| Objective:The purpose of this study is to assess health literacy, Family solicitude and health engagement status, and to analysis the correlation among them, based on the view of positive psychology. And finally to provide the evidence for the following researches and policy making for promoting elderly health.Methods:This paper, by observating the elderly of yanji city, finding problem, consulting relevant materials, hackling research data and results at home and abroad, puts forward research hypothesis:1. The correlation between health engagement, health literacy and family solicitude;2. Direct and indirect impact on health engagement by age, marital status, family income, education level, family factors such as resident population; 3. Impact on health engagement by the different dimensions of health literacy and family solicitude. In this study, a cross-sectional research methodwas used, data was collected by questionnaire survey and interview from demographic data, health literacy of elderly, Family solicitude, and health engagement four aspects.’The correlation between health engagement, he’alth literacy and family solicitude was checked by single factor analysis, impact factors on elderly health engagement were checked by Linear regression analysis. Measurement tools:The Chinese residents’health literacy questionnaire(2013) was used to assess the health literacy of elderly residents, for which some items’were deleted. This research tool includes three parts,50 items, full marks 100 points, the retest reliability of Scale:Cronbach’ s Alpha is 0.813. Smilkstein’s Family APGAR Index (APGAR) was also used, which contains five dimensions, with a score of 10 points (Cronbach’s Alpha=0.813). Health engagement scale was adapt basis on UWES-17, consisting three dimensions,15 items, full marks 60 points (Cronbach’ s Alpha=0.917).Results:(1) 13.6% of the elderly have the basic health literacy.4.6% of elderly health knowledge level is higher,4.6% elderly have good life habit, only 1.2% of the elderly have the basic skills of health.,9.48% higher than the Chinese residents’health literacy level 2013(9.48%), but significantly lower than Japan and South Korea the average.Most of the elderly is lack of or part of a lack of basic health literacy. The yanji elderly family solicitude of medium on the high side, notable is the solitary and empty-nesters, low level of family solicitude this part of the crowd, especially in the old people who live alone are more outstanding, about 10.2% of the respondents family-APGAR index is less than or equal to 3 points, the lack of family solicitude. The Yanji elderly health engagement is higher, scoring 40 points are 62.8%.(2) health literacy, family solicitude, Health engagement related to each other.(3) The factors that affect health engagement levels include general demographic data of age, marital status, family income, education level, household resident population, and family solicitude.Among them, the education level directly affect the level of health engagement; And vigor by level of education, marriage, the family resident population significantly influence, family solicitude is have certain effect on vigor, poisson coefficient is 0.103 (P≤0.05). Dedication just influenced by education level. Absorption affected by factors such as age, ethnic, cultural level.Conclusion:(1) basic research object is less than 1/5 of health literacy, the elderly poor health literacy level.(2) The 2/3 elderly family solicitude in good condition, family solicitude is higher, this part of the elderly, them household resident population are moderate, stable family structure, family function is good. The lack of family solicitude of the elderly, mainly concentrated in the Korean and old people who live alone.This part of the crowd unstable family structure, family function, the old man with little communication between children and relatives, They have certain physical and mental health problems, social and policy researchers need attentioned to them and give the corresponding intervention measures.(3) The yanji elderly health engagement generally present situation in an average level, engage high level group focused on cultural degree is high, considerable income level in the elderly. Other low income, low education level and solitary elderly have lower health engagement, The community nursing need intervention of this part of people.(4) Health engagement, health literacy, family solicitude related to each other of The yanji elderly, family solicitude level is high, the elderly health engagement and health literacy is increase, disproportionate between Health engagement and health literacy, engagement and literacy is separation.(5) Cultural degree, household resident population, family care and health skills, an healthy lifestyle are the influence factors of the elderly health engagement. |
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