| Research Background:Critical and complex condition of illness of ICU patients is stressful event for relatives of patients, which brings economic, psychological and mental stress to relatives. The children of relatives are also affected in physical and psychological health. Many relatives especially children of patients are easy to have psychological problems due to not efficient respond. Some results show that the existential anxiety of relatives of ICU patients reaches up to 64.29%, depression accounts for 58.57%. In recent years, attention to the psychological status of children of patients and main family caregivers and analysis of influencing factors are increasingly getting attention from foreign and domestic scholars. However, documents specialized in research on psychological health of children of ICU patients are still not accessed through various approaches. Therefore, under Chinese social-cultural background, current situation research is carried out on anxiety and depression of children of ICU patients, based on which the nursing staff can know the health condition of caregivers. It can provide theoretical reference to intervention. In addition, it improves the level of mental health of children of ICU patients, and adapts them to the role of caregiver to support and promote the cooperation in treatment of patients.Purpose of ResearchWith the aging of population in China, ICU received more and more aging critical patients with severe illness, high death rate and high medical expenses, which brings heavy mental stress and economical burden. The children of patients develop psychological problems due to not effective respond, which affects their physical and psychological health. Based on investigation and analysis of anxiety and depression of children of ICU patients in this research, related influencing factors of the anxiety-depression of children of ICU patients are explored to provide reference for psychological intervention of children of ICU patients. The purpose is to relieve the psychological stress and burden, promote the psychological health of children of ICU patients, to reduce contradictions between doctors and patients as well as to enhance supporting level for ICU patient families and society, so as to promote the recovery of the patients in terms of social function, psychological function and physiological function.Data and method:Random selection is used to select children of 220 comprehensive ICU patients treated in a grade Ⅲ, class A hospital in Anhui--the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from April 2015 to December 2015 as research object. Questionnaire survey is carried out for those children. The questionnaire includes a self-designed general information questionnaire, Zung self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS).SPSS 13.0 is used to analyze the data which can be see as following. Description analysis is carried out on characteristics of social demography of patients and their children with frequency and constituent ratio. x±S is used to express measurement data. T-test is used between both groups. Analysis of variance is used among multi-groups. SNK test is used for comparison among groups. Chi-square test is used for enumeration data. Logistic regression analysis is used for multiple-factor analysis. P<0.01 or P<0.05 means difference has statistical significance.Main Results:This research investigates 220 cases of children of ICU patients and collects 215 questionnaires with a collection rate of 97.7%.210 valid questionnaires. The qualified rate of collection is 95.5%. The specific results are as following:(1) Among the 220 children of ICU patients total score of SAS is (53.71±4.83). There are 127 persons with anxiety symptom with an incidence of anxiety of 60.48%. (2) Among the 220 children of ICU patients total score of SDS is (54.45±4.94).There are 113 persons with anxiety symptom with an incidence of anxiety of 53.81%. (3)The total score of SAS is higher than domestic population norm (53.71±4.83vs29.78±10.07,t’=53.689, P<0.001), and the difference has statistical significance. (4) The average standard score of SDS is higher than domestic population norm (54.45±4.94vs33.46±8.55, t’=50.795, P<0.001), and the difference also has statistical significance.According to single factor analysis, the influencing factors of anxiety of children of ICU patients include gender, age, occupation, residence, family monthly income, number of children, economic pressure, working pressure, admission time of the patients and payment method, which are high risk factors (P<0.01 or <0.05)for anxiety; According to single factor analysis, the influencing factors of depression of children of ICU patients include age, residence, occupation, family monthly income, number of children, economic pressure, working pressure, degree of effects on work, degree of understanding of disease knowledge and payment method, which are high risk factors (P<0.01 or <0.05)for depression.According to multi-factor logistic regression analysis, the monthly income, number of children, working pressure are independent influencing factors for anxiety of children of ICU patients, which has statistical significance, while other variables do not have statistical significance. It indicates that the higher the monthly income is, the lower the score of anxiety is. The more the number of children is the lower the score of anxiety is. The less the working pressure is the lower the score of anxiety is. According to multi-factor logistic regression model in table 52, payment method, number of children and degree of understanding of disease knowledge are independent influencing factors of depression of children of ICU patients, which has statistical significance, while other variables do not have statistical significance. Comparing to self-supporting patients, the children of patients participating in new rural cooperative medical care system have lower score of depression. The more the number of children is the lower the score of depression is. The higher the degree of understanding of disease knowledge is, the lower the score of depression is.Conclusion and Suggestions:Final conclusions in this research are as following:(1)The incidence of anxiety(60.48%) of children of ICU patients is high. The total score of anxiety of children of ICU patients is higher than domestic norm. (2) The influencing factors of anxiety of children of ICU patients include gender, age, occupation, residence, family monthly income, number of children, economic pressure, working pressure, the admission time of the patients and payment method. The anxiety of children of patients is not only caused by independent influencing factors including the monthly income, number of children and working pressure, but also affected by many other factors. (3) The influencing factors of depression of children of ICU patients include age, residence, occupation, family monthly income, number of children, economic pressure, working pressure, degree of effects on work, degree of understanding of disease knowledge and payment method. The depression of children of patients is not only caused by independent influencing factors including the payment method, number of children and degree of understanding of disease knowledge, but also affected by many other factors. (4)The incidence of depression (53.81) of children of ICU patients is high. The total score of depression of children of ICU patients is higher than domestic norm.(5) ICU nursing staff should pay more attention to the influencing factors especially independent influencing factors of anxiety-depression of the children of ICU patients and adopt effective intervention measures in time to reduce the incidence of anxiety and depression of children of ICU patients. Suggestions:Currently research on psychological problem of relatives of ICU patients has been getting more attention. At present, questionnaires are usually used to carry out existing circumstances research on the psychological problem of relatives of patients in China. Few long-term follow-up visit research is carried out after the patients leave the hospital, which has little practical significance in my opinion. It is suggested that the research can focus on long-term follow-up visit research on psychological problem of relatives of patients, which has more practical significance. |
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