Ultrasound Study Of The Geniohyoid Muscles Movement During Swallowing

Background:Dysphagia is common complication after stroke,dysphagia for a long time can cause a series of complications, even can cause death. So early comprehensive treatment according to the evaluation results is particularly important.At present there are many evaluation methods. More and more ultrasound imaging are used in the process of swallowing in recent years. Now the geniohyoid muscles study of ultrasound is limited to normal person in foreign country,but few studies use ultrasound detected the geniohyoid muscles in Chinese healthy people and stroke patients.Objective:1.The purpose of our study is to measure the activity patterns of the geniohyoid muscles during swallowing and to assess the differs according to the age and the gender by B/M-mode ultrasound(B/M-mode) imaging.2. The aim of our study is to measure the activity patterns of the geniohyoid muscles before、during and after comprehensive rehabilitation treatments in stroke with dysphagia, explore the application of ultrasound imaging during and after the treatment process of dysphagia.Methods:Part one:Ninety healthy volunteers were divided into three age groups(20–39, 40–59,60–79 years),every group has 30 volunteers(15men,15women),they were examined by ultrasonographic imaging to measure the moving distance、the duration and the average velocity of movement of the geniohyoid muscles during swallowing 5ml wather.Part two:Thrity strokes with dysphagia(60–79 years) who had recovered compelly after comprehensive rehabilitation swallowing function treatments in 3 months were examined by ultrasonographic imaging to measure the moving distance 、the duration and the average velocity of movement of the geniohyoid muscle before、one day、two weeks and recovered after treatment during swallowing 5ml wather.Results:Part one:(1)In every age group of healthy volunteers,the moving distance and duration of the geniohyoid muscles increased gradually with age, the trends of distance were not statistically significant(P >0.05), but there were statistically significant in the duration(P<0.05); the average velocity of the geniohyoid muscles decreased with the age, and there were statistically significant(P<0.05);(2)The moving distance 、the duration and the average velocity of the geniohyoid muscles in males were greater than females, there were significant difference in the moving distance and the duration(P<0.05),but was not in the average velocity of the geniohyoid muscles(P >0.05).Part two:(1)In the case,the moving distance and the average velocity of the geniohyoid muscle before treatment were less than control group, the duration was greater than control group, and they all lie in statistically significant(P<0.05);(2)In the case,the moving distance and the average velocity of the geniohyoid muscles after restore were less than control group, the duration was greater than control group, but had no statistically significant(P>0.05);(3)In the case,the moving distance and the speed of the geniohyoid muscles were increased with treatment, the duration of the geniohyoid muscles were decreased with treatment,and had significant in all(P<0.05).Conclusions:1. Age, sex differences are relay in the movement of geniohyoid muscles of Chinese healthy people.2. Duration is a good indicator to evaluate the movement function of geniohyoid muscle.3. B/M-mode ultrasound imaging can applied to assess swallow function during and after the treatment process of dysphagia.