Morphologic Construction And Markers Of Epidermal Stem Cell Comparision Of Skin Between Fetal And Adult

Background The skin, the largest organ in the body, bears many important functions including defense microbial invasion, monitor immune, regulate body temperature and feel. When the skin suffer great damage after birth, such as third-degree burns, massive trauma, it will be difficult to complete repair and healing, in contrast, most skin will lead to scar formation. However, many past studies have found a special phenomenon during the development of fetal skin, that is, fetal skin can be healed without scar formation after damaging. Epidermal stem cells located in the basal layer of the skin, with a self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation characteristics constantly. Proliferation and differentiation of epidermal stem cells are the basic conditions of maintaining the basic structure of normal skin. It can not only maintain the skin’s own update metabolism, but also promote skin repair effectively after injury, and thus has become a hot topic in the field of wound healing. These Functional differences between fetal and adult skin after birth may be due to the differences in epidermal stem cell function. Thus, compared to the difference of skin morphologic construction and markers of epidermal stem cell comparision of skin between fetal and adult will help to find the mechanism of no scar repair, and then providing new ideas and methods to repair and treat skin damage of the body after birth and finding a theoretical basis for subsequent clinical treatment.Objective Explore the differences in morphologic construction and markers of epidermal stem cell comparision of skin between fetal and adult and provide experimental basis for further study of the function of the skin and skin transplantion.Methods The dorsal skin was obtained from adult and fatal skin respectively. After coveraging, the specimens were immediately drawn with 4% neutral formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded. After all the specimens were sliced series, one group for HE staining to compare the epidermis, dermis and skin appendages of their morphologic construstion; the other group were used mouse anti-human β1 integrin, keratin 19 (K19), p63 transcription factor single monoclonal antibody as the primary antibody and was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results There are different structures of the epidermis, dermis and skin appendages bodies. Adult full-thickness skin was thicker than fetal skin, especially the dermis in adult was well developed than fetal skin. In addition, adult skin epidermis and dermis papillae were obvious than skin papillae from fetal. Adult epidermal have 6-7 layer of epithelial cells, however, there are only 2-3 layer of epithelial cells in fetal epidermal. Adult basal cells are cuboidal or columnar, deeper stained nuclei, oval and center, however, fetal basal cells are cuboidal, round and deeply stained nuclei. Adult skin has obvious granular layer, but the outline of cell is not clearly. fetal skin granular cells were not found. P63, β1 integrin and keratin 19 MOD values are 0.0291± 0.0015,0.0955±0.0069,0.0632±0.0136 and 0.1406±0.005、0.0085±0.0015、 0.7304±0.0541, using SPSS 13.0 software for analysis (P<0.05), two there are significant differences in the distribution.Conclusion There are differences between adult and fetal skin epidermis, dermis and skin appendages. markers of epidermal stem cell also have obvious differences.