Research Progress Of Semaphorins And Its Receptor In Bone Remodeling

The maintain of bone homeostasis needs to be based on bone remodeling, once the imbalance of bone remodeling, which can cause serious bone metabolic diseases. Whereas the bone remodeling have to depend on a special structure which called the basic multicellular unit for the regulation of bone metabolism. Osteoclasts, and osteoblasts and various of coupling control factors form the basic multicellular unit, which can mediate absorption of old bone and synthesis of new bone through its signaling role in cell-cell communication. Semaphorins as an axon guidance factor, initially founded in the nervous system. However, a lot of research has confirmed that semaphorins also participate in organogenesis, angiogenesis, oncogenesis, and immune responses. In addition, recent research progress have shown that semaphorins and its receptor also involved in the regulation of bone remodeling, especially the regulation of differentiation and migration of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Moreover, some studies suggest that the loss or function inhibition of semaphorins and its receptor may result in disorder of bone remodeling and serious bone metabolic diseases, including osteoporosis and osteopetrosis. Mastering the signal transmission mechanism of semaphorins and its receptor in the bone remodeling will provide a new perspective for the treatment of bone metabolic diseases. So this article reviews the molecule regulating mechanism of Semaphorins and its receptors in the process of bone remodeling.