Pathogens Surveillance Of Acute Viral Respiratory Infectious Disease In Southwest Troops

Objective:Army is a relatively special group, with a high concentration of personnel, working environment and task characteristics, the higher requirements for health services. Infectious diseases, especially respiratory infectious diseases in the barracks, is a serious threat to the physical and mental health of officers and soldiers. In recent years, people infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza, H1N1 influenza, adenovirus infection and other new hair, sudden respiratory infectious diseases in the domestic epidemic, which is characterized by a strong, high transmission speed, high mortality, is a serious warning to human safety, but also to military health and disease prevention and control, especially the outbreak of infectious diseases has brought great challenges, the health and combat forces of the army has caused more serious impact.This project started in December 1, 2013, and selected several provinces and autonomous regions of Sichuan, Yunnan, Chongqing and Tibet provinces to carry out a number of provinces and autonomous regions to carry out acute respiratory infectious diseases surveillance work, to the army officers and soldiers as the monitoring target, viral infectious diseases as the research object. Through monitoring the work, further strengthen the military disease prevention and control ability construction, realize the rapid detection of acute respiratory infectious diseases, timely diagnosis and active early warning, monitoring the acute respiratory tract infectious disease pathogenic activity level and epidemic dynamics, and the outbreak of acute respiratory infection in the army, to understand the pathogenic spectrum of acute respiratory tract infections in southwest area, and to find out the new respiratory pathogens, and to master the pathogenic variation and its trend. Through active surveillance of respiratory tract pathogen, it can forecast and early warning of respiratory tract infectious diseases. It can find and take necessary measures to reduce the impact of respiratory diseases. With the continuous development of the monitoring work, gradually increase the acute respiratory infectious disease surveillance case, pathogen detection and virus isolation and identification ability, enhance the troops of infectious disease emergency response level, to comprehensively strengthen the biocontrol ability construction, provide scientific and effective medical support for military struggle.Method:The study sources “forces acute respiratory infectious disease monitoring system”, its important strategic region and the main direction of operation as the focus, consider different units, different natural environments and is easy to sample transportation and other factors, in the southwest forces set up a reference laboratory(Chengdu Military Command Center for Disease Control and prevention), four network laboratory and 15 troops sentinel surveillance(including Chengdu area sentinel, Chongqing area four sentinel, Kunming area four sentinel, Lhasa area three sentinel). According to the specific operation of the monitoring, the unified technical plan is formulated, which is used in the work of the monitoring object, specimen collection, specimen transportation, information collection, pathogen separation and identification. Every October to next March, 15 surveillance belongs military health organization, through fever clinics, outpatient and emergency, ward area or take rounds acquisition soldiers fever cases of nasopharyngeal swab specimens and case information, and then submitted to the corresponding network laboratory were detected, positive specimens submitted to the Senate than laboratory for review and inform the troops. Laboratory detection of pathogen, using real-time fluorescent PCR method, identification of the collected specimen virus type. For the positive samples, isolation and culture of pathogen, as further research. Using the network direct reporting system of infectious diseases in the army, the paper analyzes and studies the reporting data of the legal infectious diseases in the southwest area of Southwest China, and compares with the results of the surveillance.Results:This study in October 2014 to March 2015, the Chengdu area from 4 points collected 401 specimens, Yunnan area 4 points collected a total of 387 specimens, Chongqing area 4 points collected a total of 420 specimens, Tibet area 3 monitoring points collected 178 specimens, all post acute respiratory pathogen monitoring data collected 1386 copies. From the end of December to the beginning of January, a total of 573 cases, accounting for 41.34% of the total number of monitoring. In 1386 cases, 17 cases, 1369 cases of soldiers. Under the age of 20 years old, the age group was the highest, 36 years old, the age group was the least.The positive rate was 14.79%(205/1386) in 205 cases, and 1386 cases were positive. 205 positive samples were detected, 188 cases of influenza A, 7 influenza B virus, 10 adenovirus. In the southwest area, the main infectious diseases of the respiratory tract in the south of China are mainly seasonal influenza, which is the highest in December and January. Based on the analysis of the detection of pathogen area distribution and four monitoring area detection out pathogens, there was no significant difference(χ2=10.47,P>0.05), indicating similar viral respiratory infectious disease in several regions of the popular. Analysis of Chengdu area 401 cases of clinical symptoms and the detection of 64 cases of pathogen positive cases with negative cases for comparison, in addition to expectoration(t/χ2=0.49,P >0.05) were significantly different. Positive cases temperature(38.79±0.29) is slightly higher than that of negative cases(38.48± 0.34) and other clinical symptoms, the most common is cough, followed by the rest of expectoration, sore throat, runny nose, headache and myalgia.To monitor the incidence of respiratory infectious diseases in the southwest region of the same period, the highest incidence of tuberculosis was the highest, and chicken pox was ranked in second place. From December 2014 to February 2015, the incidence of respiratory tract diseases is relatively high, the incidence of the soldiers accounted for most of the proportion, and the data of this study are similar to the case. Key disease influenza reported incidence of only 15 cases, and the monitoring results of this study were larger, and data sources of different and grassroots forces infectious diseases omission. Tips in the future work to be paid, in supervision sentinel surveillance work carried out at the same time, regular underreporting investigation of respiratory tract infections.Based on the development of acute viral respiratory infection in Southwest China, the epidemic situation and Pathogenic Distribution of viral respiratory tract infections, and to explore the prevention and control measures of respiratory tract infections, and provide the basis and foundation for the prevention and control of pathogenic bacteria.