The Study About The Intervention Effects Of Non-nutritive Sucking And Oral Support Of 193 Preterm Infants In The NICU

Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of non-nutritive sucking and oral support on oral feeding of preterm infants in neonatal intensive care unit and to provide a reference that promotes preterm infants in neonatal intensive care unit to complete oral-bottle feeding from gavage as soon as possible by observing oral feeding process, oral feeding performance and oral feeding performance in different feeding stage of preterm infants.Methods:195 preterm infants were collected from neonatal intensive care unit of Shanxi Provincial Children’s Hospital between May 2014 and November 2014 by convenience sampling.195 eligible preterm infants were randomly assigned control group,non-nutritive sucking(NNS)group and non-nutritive sucking and oral support(NNS+OS)group,65 cases in each group.The control group received routine bottle feeding of preterm children in NICU,the NNS group received NNS in 10 min before routine bottle feeding which lasted5 min,and NNS+OS group received OR during oral feeding on the basis of NNS group.The oral feeding process, oral feeding performance and oral feeding performance in different feeding stage of three groups were compared.The analysis of variance was used to analyze data about oral feeding process and oral feeding performance.The repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze data about oral feeding performance in different feeding stage.Results:1.The difference between three groups at gender, gestational age,birth weight,Apgar score at birth,NMI score,PIOFRA scale score,breathing and heart rate were statistically insignificant(P>0.05),which was comparable;2.Oral feeding process: The difference between three groups at begin oral feeding Postmenstrual age,complete oral feeding Postmenstrual age and feeding transition time were statistically significant(P<0.05).By the further multiple comparisons,NNS+OS group and NNS group at begin /complete oral feeding Postmenstrual age and feeding transition time were lower than control group,differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The difference between NNS+OS group and NNS group at beginning /complete oral feeding Postmenstrual age and feeding transition time were statistically insignificant(P>0.05);3.Oral feeding performance:The difference between three groups at the first 5min intake were statistically significant(P < 0.05).By the further multiple comparisons,NNS+OS group at the first 5min intake was higher than control group and NNS group,differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05).The difference between NNS group and control group at the first 5min intake were statistically insignificant(P >0.05).The difference between three groups at the first feeding duration time and beginning oral feeding PIOFRA scale score were statistically significant(P < 0.05).By the further multiple comparisons,NNS+OS group at the first feeding duration time and beginning oral feeding PIOFRA scale score were higher than control group and NNS group,differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).NNS group was higher than control group at the first feeding duration time and beginning oral feeding PIOFRA scale score,differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);4.Oral feeding performance in different process:Repeated measures analysis of variance demonstrated that main time effect and main intervention effect on proficiency,rate of transfer,volume transfer and volume loss(P < 0.05)were significant.There was interaction between time and intervention on proficiency,rate of transfer,volume transfer and volume loss(P<0.05).Conclusions:1.The intervention of NNS and OS that preterm infants receive after stable vital signs can help to improve the oral motor function of premature infants,enhance the capacity of oral feeding,shorten oral feeding process and improve oral feeding performance;2.The effect of intervention of NNS and OS on improving oral feeding outcome of preterm infants is better than NNS and conventional bottle-feeding care.It is worthy of popularization and application in NICU.