| Objective: To explore the difference and gender differences of abnormal brain activity in healty subjects after rested wakefulness(RW) and after sleep deprivation(SD) with resting-state functional MRI and regional homogeneity(ReHo) method and to explore the intrinsic default-mode network(DMN) impairment of healthy males after 72-hour(h) of total sleep deprivation(SD) using resting-state functional connectivity(rsFC) and amplitude of low frequency fluctuation(ALFF) methods.Methods: Sixteen healthy subjects(eight males and eight females) each underwent the resting-state fMRI exams twice, i.e., once followed RW and the other followed 24h’s SD. According to the sleep, all subjects were divided into two groups:24h SD group and RW group;According to the gender and sleep, 16 subjects were all measured twice and divided into four groups: male control group(MC), female control group(FC), male SD group(MSD), female SD group(FSD). ReHo method was used to calculate and analysis the data. SPM5 software was used to perform two-pair t test.Twelve healthy male participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rfMRI) twice: once was carried out following RW and the other following approximately 72 h of total SD. The ALFF and rsFC(independent component analysis and voxels-based approach) methods were used to examine intrinsic DMN impairment. The brain-behavior correlation were calculated. The cluster of decreased ALFF and FC were identified as a mask respectively. We further investigated the possibility of these specifically reduced clusters for identifying the SD from the RW at the subject level with receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results: Compared with normal situation group, SD group showed higher ReHo in left middle frontal gyrus, right precentral gyrus, right transverse temporal gyrus and bilateral postcentral gyrus, while lower ReHo in left middle frontal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus and right cerebellum posterior lobe.Compared with MC, MSD showed significantly higher ReHo in the rightparacentral lobule(BA3/6), but in no obviously lower regions. Compared with FC,FSD showed significantly higher ReHo in bilateral parietal lobes(BA2/3), bilateral vision-related regions of occipital lobes(BA17/18/19), right frontal lobe(BA4/6),and lower ReHo in the right frontal lobe. Compared with FC, MC showed significantly higher ReHo in the left occipital lobe(BA18/19), left temporal lobe(BA21), left frontal lobe, and lower ReHo in the right insula and the left parietal lobe.Compared with FSD, MSD showed significantly higher ReHo in the left cerebellum posterior lobe(uvula/declive of vermis), left parietal lobe, and bilateral frontal lobes,and lower ReHo in the right occipital lobe(BA17), and right frontal lobe(BA4).72h SD was not only associated with signi?cantly selective reductions in rsFC and ALFF within DMN nodes but also signi?cantly increased in the reaction time,lapses rate and intra-individual variability, and reduced in the accuracy rate. The area under the curve(AUC) values of the decreased IPL was 0.75. The sensitivity and specificity of IPL was 75% and 91.7%.Conclusions: SD causes abnormal changes in whole network changes by connection of multiple brain regions, especially the brain regions which are in emotional control loop. The differences of brain activity in the resting state can be widely found not only between the control and SD group in a same gender group, but also between the male group and female group. Long-term SD duration disturbed the spontaneous activity and connectivity pattern of DMN. |
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