Analysis On Distribution Of Intracranial Or Extracranial Artery Stenosis In Patients With Transient Ischemic Attack

Objective: To analyze distribution of Cerebral Vascular stenosis with transient Ischemic Attack,to investigate the incidence and distribution of Intracranial or extracranial vascular stenosis in patients with transient ischemic attack and correlation between frequency of transient ischemic attack with number or level of intracranial or extracranial vascular stenosis.Materials and Methods :This study collected a total of 92 patients during Dece mber 2005 and December 2014 in department of neurology and intervention.C onventional MRI T1 WI and T2 WI series, computed tomography,diffusion-weigh ted imaging(DWI), Digital subtraction angiography(DSA)were undergone for all the patients. Degree of intracranial or extracranial vascular stenosis were me asured by North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial(NASCET),degree of Stenosis(%)=(1- stenosis diameter/diameter distal to stenosis)x100%. All the patents were divided 4 groups according to stenosis degree: Mild vascular stenosis group(<50%)、Moderate vascular stenosis group(50%-69%)、 Severe vascular stenosis group(70%-99%)and occlusion group. All patients were divi ded into intracranial vascular stenosis and extracranial vascular stenosis according to stenosis area in cerebral. They were divided into carotid artery system TIA group and vertebro-basilar artery system TIA group according to the clinical man ifestation at the onset of the disease. Recurrent TIA means TIA attacks 2 and more than 2 time within 24 hours. They were also divided into frequent TIA and nonfrequent TIA groups according to the different attack frequencies.All data were processed by using SPSS19.0 Software, the number of Intracranial or Extracranial Artery stenosis is calculators information by chi-square test.Results were considered atatistically significant at 5% level.Results:1.In 92 cases of patients with transient ischemic attack, the different degree of 151 vascular stenoses existed in 81 cases.Among these stenoses,89(58.94%)v ascular stenoses occurred in intracranial vascular and 62(41.06%)vascular stenos es occurred in extracranial vascular. The quantities of intracranial vascular steno ses was more than extracranial vascular. In intracranial vascular, middle cerebral artery was most common, and E-ICA was most common in extracranial vascular.2.In intracranial vascular, middle cerebral artery(54.41%) was common in carotid artery system TIA group and IVA(38.09%) in vertebro-basilar artery system T I A group. In Extracranial vascular, EICA(67.56%) was most common in carotid artery system TIA group and EVA(48%) in vertebro-basilar artery system TIA group.3.14 mild vascular stenoses 、23 moderate vascular stenoses、40 severe vasculars tenoses and 16 occlusion vascular were in frequent TIA group、26 mild vascular stenoses 、6 moderate vascular stenoses、15 severe vascular stenoses and 11 occl usion vascular were in nonfrequent TIA group. There were statistically significant differences between vascular stenoses and frequencies in transient ischemic attack.Severe vascular stenosis was most common in frequent TIA group and mild v ascular stenosis in nonfrequent TIA group.4. 31 Single vascular stenoses,14 more vascular stenoses and 2 occlusion vascul ar in frequent TIA group. 9 Single vascular stenoses,23 more vascular stenoses and 2 occlusion vascular in nonfrequent TIA group. There were statistically sig nificant differences between number of vascular stenosis and frequencies in tran sient ischemic attack. More vascular stenoses were most common in frequent TIA group and singnal stenosis vascular in nonfrequent TIA group.Conclusion:1. The leading cause of transient ischemic attack was related to intracranial or vascular stenosis.2. The quantities of intracranial vascular stenoses were more than extracranial vascular. In intracranial vascular,middle cerebral artery was most common and EICA in extracranial vascular.3. In intracranial vascular, middle cerebral artery(54.41%) was common in caroti d artery system TIA group and IVA(38.09%) in vertebro-basilar artery system T IA groups. In Extracranial vascular, EICA(67.56%) was most common in caro tid artery system TIA group and EVA(48%) in vertebro-basilar artery system TIA group.4. Severe vascular stenosis was most common in frequent TIA group and mild vascular stenosis in nonfrequent TIA group.5. More vascular stenoses were most common in frequent TIA group and sing nal stenosis vascular in nonfrequent TIA group.