Evaluation Of The Effects Of Extraction Or Non-Extraction Treatment On The Upper Airway In Patients Of Different Ages With Class â…¡ Malocclusion Division 1

Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of extraction or non-extraction treatment on upper airway in patients with II Malocclusion division 1 of different ages by cephalometric analysis. The results can be referenced in the appliance of clinical orthodontic treatment.Methods:40 cases of adolescent and adult patients with II Malocclusion division 1 were selected from Stomatology Department of Yantaishan hospital from January 2011 to December 2014. Among these patients, 22 of them are male and the rest 18 patients are female. Adolescent patients include 10 extraction treatments and 10 non-extraction treatments respectively. It is the same with the adult group, where 10 patients receive the extraction treatment and the other 10 do not. All the patients have the complete image data before and after orthodontic treatment.Onyx Ceph 2.6 is used in the linear and angular measurements of Craniofacial bone, soft tissue, tongue and upper-airway with skull lateral projection. SPSS18.0 statistical software is applied for statistical analysis of different groups of data, exploring the effects of different ages and extraction or non-extraction treatment on the sagittal structure of upper airway.Results:1) Before the orthodontic treatment, comparison of adult and adolescent with II Malocclusion division 1, sagittal diameter of upper airway between each value has significant difference(P < 0.05). Adult patients with nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal cavity structure(PNS-S, Hy-H1, Hy-H2, PNS-Ad1, PNS-Ad2, C3-, RGn etc.) is significantly greater than adolescent. In adult and adolescent group, the indexes between extraction and non-extraction groups has no significant difference(p>0.05).2)Comparison of adolescent patients of extraction and non-extraction treatment within each group before and after orthodontic treatment, we found that upper airway and hyoid S-PNS 、 Tb-TPPW 、 C3-RGn and Hy-H1 、 Hy-H2 increased significantly(p < 0.05). Comparison of the rest related measuring project of upper airway before and after orthodontic treatment between the extraction group and the non-extraction group each other, there were no statistically significant difference(p>0.05). Under different methods, the bone structure change of upper and lower jaw is not big, there was no significant difference before and after treatments(p>0.05).3) The index of the nasopharyngeal airway, the soft palate in the airway and oropharyngeal airway sagittal diameter of adult and adolescent has been changed before and after treatments. ANS-PNS-p, PSP-SPPW, U- MPW of the upper airway sagittal diameter reduced in adult patients. Changes in adolescent patients with Hy-H1, Hy-H2, C3-RGn and other are increased obviously(p<0.05). Comparison of nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal cavity and other related measurement project of adult before and after treatments, there were no statistically significant difference(p>0.05).Conclusions:In adolescent and adult patients with class II malocclusion division 1, sagittal dimensions size of upper airway had no significant change in the short term. It is not significantly associated with extraction or not, but with individual unique. Changes of the airway in adolescent may mainly come from its own growth and development.The clinical treatment design needs consideration to the evaluation of treatment effect, at the same time, give full consideration to the age, the craniofacial and upper airway and other factors of patients, so as to formulate a reasonable and effective.