| Congenital heart disease (CHD) was a kind of congenitalmalformation with serious harm. It could be divided into several types andits pathogenesis was not clear. The research was to investigate the relationbetween the different types of CHD in infants and the possible influencingfactors to provide scientific proof for CHD prevention measures. At thesame time, because small atrial septal defect (ASD) had the possibility ofnatural closure, there was no need to undergo surgery. The ultrasoundfollow-up study was used to some newborns with small ASD in order toobserve the natural closure within one year of age and to provide scientificproof for explaining the illness.The case-control study method was used in this study. The case groupwas composed of239cases infants with CHD by echocardiographydiagnosis in the ultrasonic medicine department of the first affiliatedhospital of Hebei North University from August1,2012to January31,2014. The control group was made up of482cases normal infants duringthe same period. A questionnaire survey was conducted on two groups ofparents by the uniform questionnaire including infants’ basic situation,mothers’ and fathers’ basic situation, etc. At the same time,47cases ofnewborns with small ASD were divided into two groups: term newborngroup and premature newborn group during the period of August1,2012toJanuary31,2013. Their parents were told to make periodic review at4,8and12month. The size of the defect and close situation were observed andcompared with the past results. SPSS17.0statistical software was used tomake χ2test, single factor and multiple factors Logistic regression analysis.The results showed that the top three composition of CHD were followed by atrial septal defect (30.08%), ventricular septal defect (18.41%)and patent ductus arteriosus (10.88%) by ECG. After χ2test and singlefactor Logistic regression analysis, we found that, birth order, older mother,mother pregnancy flu, negative living events, folic acid taking, passivesmoking, older father and parents plan pregnancy had statisticalsignificance (P<0.05), which may be related to the occurrence of CHD.After multiple factors Logistic regression analysis, we found that, birthorder (OR=1.880;95%CI1.734to3.781), older mother (OR=3.409;95%CI1.332to8.725), mother pregnancy flu (OR=2.475;95%CI1.077to5.689), passive smoking (OR=2.087;95%CI1.008to4.320) werepositively correlated with the incidence of CHD. They were the risk factors.Mother folic acid taking (OR=0.471;95%CI0.242to0.941) and parentsplan pregnancy (OR=0.930;95%CI0.847to0.965) were negativelycorrelated with the occurrence of CHD. They were the protective factors.There were28cases term newborns and19cases premature newbornsamong47cases newborns with small ASD. After1year of ultrasonicfollow-up study, we found that22cases were natural closed in termnewborn group and9in premature newborn group. The difference betweenthe two groups had statistical significance by χ2test (χ2=4.908, P=4.908).To sum up, the most common type of CHD in infants was ASD. Birthorder, older mother, mother pregnancy flu and passive smoking couldincrease the risk of CHD; mother folic acid taking and parents planpregnancy could reduce the risk. Therefore, both parents should do well inthe prenatal and postnatal care, and no smoking, prevent flu and adequatefolic acid supplement to reduce the happen of CHD in offspring. The smallASD in term newborns had higher rate and was easier in natural healingthan premature newborns. |
PDF Full Text Request